Inflammation & Fever
Temperature in Fahrenheit that is considered a fever.
What is 99*F or higher?
White blood cells that are often the first to arrive at an infection site.
What are neutrophils?
Small proteins release by activated lymphocytes, macrophages, and virus-infected cells.
What are interferons?
This body system provides the first line of defense by acting as a physical barrier that blocks pathogens from entering the body.
What is the Integumentary System?
The endocrine gland that regulates body temperature.
What is the hypothalamus?
This cell serves as the first line of cellular defense.
What are phagocytes?
These immune cells release interferons as part of the body’s early defense against viral infections.
What are lymphocytes and macrophages?
These secretions from oil and sweat glands help protect the body by flushing away microbes and creating an unfavorable environment for bacterial growth.
What is sebum and sweat?
Characterized by redness, heat, swelling, and pain, this innate immune response increases blood flow and vasodilation to allow immune cells to isolate and reach damaged tissue.
What is inflammation?
The process where attacking cells surround and ingest pathogens.
What is phagocytosis?
This type of interferon is produced mainly by virus-infected cells and helps protect neighboring cells from viral infection.
What is an alpha interferon?
These tiny hair-like structures lining the respiratory tract help protect the body by trapping and sweeping pathogens out of the airways.
What are cilia?
Prevents spreading of damaging agents, disposes of cell debris and pathogens, and sets the stage for repair.
What is functions of inflammation?
Immune cells that attack virus-infected or abnormal body cells without prior exposure.
What are NK (natural killer) cells?
This interferon is released by activated T lymphocytes and natural killer cells and enhances macrophage activity.
What are gamma interferons?
This type of tissue protects the body by forming multiple layers of tightly packed cells that resist abrasion and pathogen entry.
What is stratified squamous epithelium?
Increases body temperature, may inhibit the virus/bacteria, and increase metabolic rate (faster tissue defenses and repair).
What are products/by-products of inflammation?
Cells that attack pathogens as a part of a fast, nonspecific response rather than a targeted one.
What are innate immune cells?
This interferon is produced primarily by fibroblasts and epithelial cells and functions to inhibit viral replication by slowing down inflammation in affected areas.
What are beta interferons?
Epithelial tissue lines these organ systems to protect them by forming a physical barrier between pathogens and internal tissues.
What are the digestive, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive systems?