Normal Flora 1
Other term for normal flora
Commensals
The "injection of drugs below the skin rather than directly into a vein"
Skin popping
Give 2 examples of bacteria found in the mouth.
Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus sanguinis, Streptococcus mutans, Corynebacterium spp., Propionibacterium acnes, Neisseria spp, Haemophilus spp., Bacteroides spp., Fusobacterium. Prevotella spp., Borrelia, Treponema, Actinomyces
One that is capable of causing disease.
Pathogenic microorganism
An infection with no detectable symptoms.
Subclinical
Give 2 internal organs/systems that are sterile
Spleen, Pancreas, Liver, Bladder, CNS, and Blood
The 2 Gram (+) bacilli found in the skin.
Corynebacterium spp.
Propionibacterium acnes
What enzyme that is found in the tears that helps the limit of bacterial population of the eye conjunctiva.
The stage of the infection process which is facilitated by several bacterial enzymes to enter the host cells/penetrate the mucosal surfaces, spreading from the initial site of infection.
Invasion of the host/ Invasiveness
Example of an infection caused by an opportunistic microorganism
Pneumocystis pneumonia
The 3 Gram (+) cocci found in the skin.
Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus epidermidis
Streptococcus spp.
Enumerate the most common sites of the body inhabited by normal flora.
Skin, Eye, Mouth, Upper Respiratory Tract, Gastrointestinal Tract, Urogenital Tract
Organism that can enter the bloodstream following dental surgery and colonize damaged or prosthetic heart valves that may lead to infective endocarditis.
Streptococcus mutans
Cell-mediated and Humoral responses
The most common routes by which viruses enter the body.
Through the skin, Respiratory tract, GIT, Urogenital tract
A coagulase-negative, gram-positive staphylococci that resides in the outer layers of the skin that accounts about 90% of the skin aerobes. This organism can attach to and colonize plastic catheters and medical devices that penetrate the skin, which sometimes result to serious blood-stream infections.
Staphylococcus epidermidis
True or False: Streptococcus pneumoniae is one of the primary colonizers of the eye conjuctiva.
TRUE
Can be quantified by how many organisms are required to cause disease in 50% of those exposed to the pathogen.
Virulence
Released into the host's blood stream following bacterial cell lysis
Endotoxins
Give 1 example of a virus that can be transmitted vertically from mother to infant
HSV 1, HSV 2, Human cytomegalovirus, HIV, Rubella virus
How many percent of the fecal mass is constituted of dead bacteria?
20%
What bacteria is most often implicated in plaque formation?
Streptococcus mutans
Site of viral replication
Inside the cells of the host
The first step of the infectious process.
Entry into the host
Causative agent of necrotizing fasciitis
Streptococcus pyogenes