Deep in the Heart of Dixie
large farm complexes devoted to a cash crop such as cotton or tobacco
plantations
What drove industrial development in New England?
the textile industry
a slave who led a bloody rebellion in Virginia in 1831
Nat Turner
the religious revival that swept the United States in the 1830s and 1840s
The Second Great Awakening
The name of the movement against alcohol
Temperance
small, independent farmers, usually non-slaveholding
yeoman farmers
Who invented the first practical steamboat?
Robert Fulton
What was the official Native American policy of the U.S. government by 1824?
the removal of Native American tribes beyond the Mississippi River
The revivalist preacher of the Second Great Awakening who used his rhetorical skills as a lawyer to influence thousands to repent and to take personal responsibility for their behavior
Charles G. Finney
Founded the abolitionist newspaper The Liberator and a controversial white advocate of abolition; demanded an immediate end to slavery and embraced civil rights for blacks on par with those of whites
William Lloyd Garrison
What is the term expressing the Southern belief that the U.S. and British economies depended on cotton?
King Cotton
What is the term for the newly developing commercial economy that depended on goods and crops produced for sale rather than for personal consumption?
The Cherokee were forced to relocate to Oklahoma in 1838 under military escort in what became known as _____________________________________.
Founder of the Mormons, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, the first major denomination founded in the United States
Joseph Smith
What characterized the relationship between native-born Americans and immigrants in the mid-1800s?
tension
List three unique features of the South as compared to the North
warmer climate that was better for agriculture
less densely distributed population
biracial society with entrenched inequality
Cities tended to emerge along _________________________________ or in _________________________________.
transportation lines
manufacturing hubs
What authorized the President to exchange public lands in the West for Indian territories in the East and to use federal funds to cover the expenses of relocation?
The Indian Removal Act of 1830
The belief that the physical world is secondary to the spiritual realm, which humans can only reach by intuition
Transcendentalism
Famine, lack of jobs, political and religious oppression are examples of what?
push factors
Describe the social pyramid of the South from top to bottom
planter class, middle class, yeoman farmers, landless whites, free blacks, slaves
List the four features of the transportation revolution.
How did African American slaves retain their culture?
through music, religion, and folktales
Transcendentalist thinker who championed individualism and civil disobedience
Henry David Thoreau
What helped to ignite social reform movements?
The Second Great Awakening's emphasis on good works