Vocab
A ruler, such as a king, queen, or emperor.
Monarch
This German monk wrote the 95 Theses in 1517.
Martin Luther
The Catholic Church’s response to the Protestant Reformation.
the Counter-Reformation
This Spanish king wanted to crush Protestantism and strengthen Catholic power across Europe.
Phillip II
X means
10
The rule of a monarch, or the years a monarch is in power.
Reign
Payments connected to reducing punishment for sins; Luther strongly criticized their sale.
Indulgences
These important Catholic meetings took place from 1545–1563.
the Council of Trent
This French king converted to Catholicism and issued the Edict of Nantes.
Henry IV
II means
Two
Love of one’s nation; patriotism.
Nationalism
This Protestant idea means that the Bible is the only source of authority.
Sola Scriptura
This group, also called the Society of Jesus, focused on schools, education, and missions.
the Jesuits
This English king broke with Rome after the pope refused to annul his marriage.
Henry VIII
VII means
Seven
To legally cancel or make something no longer binding.
Annul
Luther taught that this alone leads to salvation.
Faith
This man founded the Jesuits.
Ignatius of Loyola
This queen tried to restore Catholicism in England and persecuted Protestants.
Mary I
IX means
England’s body of lawmakers.
Parliament
Name one lasting effect of the Reformation discussed in our review.
the growth of different Christian churches, increased Bible reading/education, or greater religious choice/freedom?
Give one action the Catholic Church took during the Counter-Reformation.
Improving priest training, making new rules, reaffirming Catholic beliefs, creating schools, or using missionaries to spread Catholic teachings
This queen ruled for 45 years and her reign included the defeat of the Spanish Armada and England’s Golden Age.
Elizabeth I
IVX means
14