Cell Biology
The shape of DNA is commonly referred to this.
Double helix
What type of organism relies on sunlight to create their own food?
Producer or Autotroph (accept both)
What transports oxygen-rich blood away from the heart?
Green pigment which absorbs sunlight.
Chlorophyll
These proteins embedded in the plasma membrane allow specific molecules to pass through by facilitated diffusion.
Channel proteins
This type of natural selection favors individuals at both extremes of a trait, leading to increased variation.
Disruptive selection
This biome is characterized by permafrost, low biodiversity, and very short growing seasons.
Tundra
These two chambers of the mammalian heart receive blood returning from the body and lungs.
Right and left atrium
The small pores on the underside of leaves that regulate gas exchange are called this.
Stomata
During oxidative phosphorylation, the majority of ATP is generated by this enzyme complex embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane.
ATP synthase
According to the Hardy-Weinberg principle, if allele frequencies remain constant, the population is said to be in this state.
Genetic equilibrium
When two species compete for the same niche, one may be excluded due to this principle.
Competitive exclusion principle
In fish, blood passes through the heart only once during circulation, a process known as this.
Single circulation
In angiosperms, water is pulled upward through xylem by this combined process involving cohesion, adhesion, and transpiration.
Cohesion-tension mechanism
Which of the following is FALSE about Meiosis II?
Cytoplasmic division occurs.
Individual chromosomes line up on the equatorial plate.
Sister chromatids separate and move toward opposite poles.
The chromosomes replicate.
The nuclear envelope disintegrates.
You crossed two parental plants with unknown genotypes, while screening for a particular trait for height (T being completely dominant over t). If you obtain offspring that are 50% tall and 50% short, what could be the possible genotypes of the parents?
TT, Tt.
Tt, tT.
Tt, TT.
Tt, tt.
TT, TT.
In one forest, butterfly Species A is harmless but has evolved to closely to resemble bad tasting Species B. This is an example of ___________ mimicry, and its protective power is strengthened if the ratio of the populations of Species A to B ________________.
Batesian, decreases.
Batesian, increases.
Mullerian, increases.
Mullerian, decreases.
Aposematic, increases.
1
Reptiles differ from amphibians due to:
Eyelids and an external ear openings.
Scaly skin and the cledoic egg.
Terrestrial lifestyle and the ability to climb.
Scaly skin and an external ear opening.
A three chambered heart and the cledoic egg.
2
Which of the following statements about long distance transport systems in plants are TRUE? (three answers)
Phloem requires rigid cell walls to prevent implosion.
Phloem transport can be multidirectional.
Phloem transport is dependent upon metabolic activity.
The driving force that moves water in the xylem is ultimately derived from the energy of the sun.
Xylem transport occurs through the living xylem conduits.
Psoriasis is a skin disorder that is caused by the increased proliferation of skin cells and results in red, itchy skin. Skin cells from a mouse model for this disease are isolated and cultured in a plate containing a drug that promotes the supercoiling of DNA. Which enzyme does this drug inhibit?
DNA polymerase.
Helicase.
Topoisomerase.
Primase.
DNase.
3
Some thermophilic organisms can thrive at very high temperatures (100°C +). What effect, if any, would natural selection be expected to have on double stranded DNA (dsDNA) composition for survival at high temperatures?
dsDNA would evolve to be rich in AT base pairs.
dsDNA would evolve to be rich in GC base pairs.
dsDNA would evolve to be rich in purine bases.
dsDNA would evolve to be rich in pyrimidine bases.
dsDNA composition would not need to change to support life at high temperatures.
Mink and fox both prey upon rabbits, exhibiting resource competition. Which of the following is an example of why the mink and fox may be able to coexist in the face of this competition?
The mink and fox will never coexist due to the competitive exclusion principle.
The mink and fox have a degree of niche separation such that they can coexist.
Interspecific competition is more important that intraspecific competition, so the mink and fox can coexist.
Spatial metapopulation structure can enable competitive species to coexist.
B&D.
5
Which of the following structures of the human nephron is relatively impermeable to water?
Ascending limb of Henle.
Descending limb of Henle.
Glomerulus.
Medullary collecting duct.
Proximal tubule.
1
In what ways can terrestrial plants increase their access and uptake of water?
Increase the production of root hairs
Increase concentrations of osmotically-active solutes in the root cortical cells
Increase the production of siphonophores
B and C.
A and B.
5