Chapter 8
Weathering, Erosion and Soils
Weathering, Erosion and Soils
Loose covering of weathered material that lies on Earth's surface, complex mixture of mineral grains, organic material, water and air
What is soil?
Dendritic, Radial and Trellis
What are stream drainage patterns?
Horn, arete, cirques and tarn.
What are terms for mountain features formed from glaciers?
The curved path that currents follow on earth due to it's rotation
What is Coriolis Effect?
Type of cloud that produced thunderstorms
What is Cumulonimbus?
Sand, silt and clay
What are the 3 components of soil?
Water seeping into the soil or rock through cracks and pore spaces
What is infiltration?
Lifting and moving of loose material by the wind
What is deflation?
3 types of marine organisms classified by how they move
What are plankton, nekton and benthos?
Name two wind systems that aided the Triangle of Trade in the 1500-1800's.
What are Prevailing Westerlies and Trade Winds?
Frost action, exfoliation, abrasion and root wedging
What are types of physical weathering?
Source of virtually all groundwater
What is precipitation?
Variables that influence mass movement
What are water, slope, and amount of vegetation?
Ocean current that flows parallel to the coastline, driven by waves approaching the shore at an angle
What is longshore current?
5 temperature layers of the atmosphere
What are Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Thermosphere, and Exosphere?
Variables that effect the rate of weathering
2 types of dripstone
What are stalactites and stalagmites?
What are moraines, drumlins, kettles, eskers?
Cause of tides
What is moon's gravitational attraction to Earth?
4 types of fronts
What are cold front, warm front, occluded, and stationary?
4 methods of soil conservation
What are no-till, contour plowing, planting wind breaks and crop rotation?
Describe 3 ways a stream carries its load
What are Dissolved: particles that you can't see like clay, Suspended: slightly larger particles like sand, held is water and makes it cloudy, Bed: larger enough particles that they stay on the bed of the stream and move slowly?
Describe and name 5 types of Mass Movement
What is Creep: slowest rates, Rockfall: Most rapid and only in steep places, Landslide: occurs in loose soil, Slump: occurs on curved surface, Debris Flow: water mixed with soil, rapid?
Explain salinity difference between artic and tropical water
Main reason earth has wind and describe how it moves
What is uneven heating of the earth? It moves from areas of high to low pressure. Warm air rises and that allows cooler air to move in.