Pulm
15 yo male with CP and seizure disorder with recurrent choking presents with: fever, tachypnea, tachycardia, and cyanosis. CXR shows diffuse infiltrates.
What is the most likely diagnosis?
Aspiration Pneumonia
A child was born with a large head but within normal range. Now, at 3 months of age, they present with a HC that exceeds the 98th percentile. Radiologic study confirms isolated enlargement of the subarachnoid space.
What is the recommendation?
Reassurance
At what age should a cup first be introduced?
6-9 months
What is the likely diagnosis?
Carbon monoxide poisoning
A 2 yo female presents to ED with several hours of painless, brisk rectal bleeding. Hgb is falling and needs transfusion. She has not other PMH.
What is the most likely diagnosis?
Meckel Diverticulum
A 2 yo boy presents acutely with: choking, coughing, wheezing, diminished breath sounds on the right, normal CXR.
What is the most likely etiology of his symptoms?
Aspiration of foreign body
After 2 years of age, what is the normal weight gain per year until adolescence?
5lbs/year
A 10 yo boy who lives in the northern hemisphere develops bowed legs and fractures easily.
What condition does he likely have and what is the treatment?
Rickets and Vitamin D
A child presents after a head injury with:
Raccoon eyes, battle sign, hemotympanum, CSF otorrhea or rhinorrhea
If any of these findings are present, what do you suspect?
Basilar skull fracture
You suspect a newborn has Hirschsprung disease.
What is the best diagnostic test?
Suction rectal biopsy
A 15 yo boy with a current history of active influenza A presents with abrupt onset of fever, tachypnea, tachycardia, and cyanosis.
CXR shows pneumatoceles
What is the most likely bacterium causing this illness?
Staph Aureus
At what age do most children first develop the ability to follow rules while playing a game and begin to demonstrate operational thinking?
6 years of age
A 1 yo presents with: Irritability, anorexia, follicular hyperkeratosis, corkscrew coiled hairs, gingival bleeding, normochromic, normocytic anemia
What is the most likely diagnosis?
Scurvy/vitamin C deficiency
A 6 month old infant presents with a large, unexplained swelling over the parietal area.
What should you do?
CT scan
Children with sickle cell disease are prone to developing what complication associated with their gallbladder?
A 2 year old girl presents with high fever, brassy cough and stridor. She is given a txt for croup but does not respond and deteriorates rapidly. She is intubated in the ED.
What is the most likely diagnosis?
Bacterial Tracheitis
When does birth length double? triple?
4 years, 13 years
Paresthesias, foot and wrist drop, opthalmoplegia, ataxia, and confusion.
What deficiency is associated with these findings?
Thiamin B1 Deficiency
Nausea, vomiting, respiratory alkalosis, anion gap metabolic acidosis, tinnitus, fever, agitation, confusion, or coma.
Ingestion of what agent results in these findings?
Salicylate
4 year old swallows drain cleaner product and presents with: drooling, dysphagia, and abdominal discomfort.
When should he under upper endoscopy?
12-24 hours
A 13 yo girl presents with an initial history of: sore throat that is negative for group A strep by culture and hoarseness.
Now 2-3 weeks later she develops pneumonia.
What is the most likely etiology of her biphasic disease?
chlamydia pneumoniae
What is the most common cause of craniosynostosis?
Scaphocephaly
Breastfeeding is contraindicated if the mother is taking what classes of drugs? 4 classes
1. Amphetamines
2. Chemotherapy agents
3. Ergotamines
4. Statins
A child presents to the ED pulseless and is found to have vtach on monitor. CPR has started.
What is the next step in management?
Defibrillation with 2J/kg
Hamartomatous polyps, hemihypertrophy, gigantism of the extremities, angiomas, pigmented nevi
What syndrome presents with these findings?
Proteus syndrome