Maslow & Herzberg
What is the lowest level of Maslow's hierarchy?
Physiological Needs
What are McClelland’s three needs?
Achievement, Power, Affiliation.
SMART is the acronym used to describe the five elements of what is needed for goals to be effective. Each of the letters describes a specific factor, and all managers should be aware of each element. Therefore, "S" is for specific; "M" is for measurable; "A" is for _____________; "R" is for results-oriented; and "T" is for time-bound.
What is Attainable
In equity theory, these are what an employee contributes, such as effort, skill, and experience.
What are inputs?
Which manager is more authoritarian and more traditional type of management and which one is a more contemporary, coaching type?
What is Theory X, Theory Y
What level of Maslow's hierarchy focuses on safety & stability?
Level 2 or safety needs
What is positive reinforcement?
Rewarding behavior you want repeated.
Pascal was very motivated to achieve his sales quotas because the bonuses were highly lucrative and because he values money above the work itself. Pascal is motivated by _______ rewards.
What is Extrinsic
These are what an employee receives in return, such as salary, benefits, and recognition.
What are outcomes (or outputs)?
Theory X assumes people inherently do this to work.
What is dislike (or avoid) it?
What is the key difference between motivators and hygiene factors according to Herzberg?
Motivators cause satisfaction; hygiene factors prevent dissatisfaction.
According to McClelland, which need is strongest in people who enjoy solving difficult problems and setting challenging goals?
The Need for Achievement.
The sales team at Desjardins meets quarterly with the vice-president of sales to set and review goals. Each salesperson works directly with the vice-president to jointly set his or her own performance goals, which are tangible, verifiable, and measurable. This process of jointly setting goals is referred to as _______________.
What is management by objectives or MBO
An employee who feels underrewarded might do this to their inputs to restore balance.
What is reduce effort (or work less)?
Theory X assumes this emotion is the primary driver for workers, resulting in a need for tight control.
What is fear? (or what is punishment)
Give one example of a motivator and one hygiene factor.
Motivator: achievement, recognition, responsibility, advancement, personal growth
Hygiene: pay, working conditions, job security, work-life balance, fair policies
What are the three essential pieces of the Expectancy Theory of motivation?
Effort → Performance → Reward
The job redesign method that increases the degree to which workers control the planning, execution, and evaluation of their work is referred to as _____________________.
What is job enrichment
This type of equity refers to the perceived fairness of the process used to determine rewards.
What is procedural justice?
Theory Y assumes that under the right conditions, employees do this with responsibility.
What is seek (or accept) it?
Why is the beginning of Maslow's hierarchy at the bottom of the pyramid instead of the top?
It is the most essential part of the pyramid; it is the base and without it, the pyramid would collapse.
True or False: According to McClelland, people are only motivated by one of the three needs, and never a combination.
False
Rewards are not always necessary. In the right context, individuals often motivate themselves __________ and can achieve quite high levels of performance doing so.
What is Intrinsically
This type of equity is defined as the fairness of the actual amount of resources or rewards distributed.
What is distributive justice?
What management theory states that employees are inherently motivated and should be left to complete their work without supervision?
What is Theory Y