Health Models
The nurse assesses the client's perception, beliefs, and behaviors before a teaching session with the client. Which health model?
Health Belief Model
Name examples of passive health promotion.
Legislation which mandates the use of seatbelts in the car is an example of passive health promotion. Fluoridation of water, Vit D in milk are other examples.
Prolonged stress may result in headache, stress ulcers, infections, insomnia, and high blood glucose.
Variables that influence illness can be external. Name examples of external variables.
External variables influencing a patient’s illness behavior include the visibility of symptoms, social group, cultural background, economic variables, accessibility of the health care system, and social support.
The technique used involves the use of slow, deep abdominal breathing while relaxing each muscle group in an ordered succession of muscle groups. Teaches the individual how to contract and relax muscles to reduce tension.
Progressive muscle relaxation
Which health model would be the best to use in prioritizing a client's problems?
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
Match the following with the three levels of prevention (Primary, Secondary, Tertiary):
1. Physical Rehabilitation
2. Colonoscopy
3. Breast Feeding Education
4. Immunizations
5. Adding Aspirin (ASA) on medication list of a person post MI.
1. Physical Rehabilitation - Tertiary
2. Colonoscopy - Secondary (screening)
3. Breast Feeding - Primary
4. Immunizations - Primary
5. ASA post MI - Secondary
Put the stages of General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) in order when a body responds physiologically to stressors:
Exhaustion
Alarm
Resistance
The general adaptation syndrome (GAS), a three-stage reaction to stress, describes how the body responds physiologically to stressors through stages of alarm, resistance, and exhaustion.
Name an example of internal variables that can influence illness.
Internal variables include the patient’s perceptions of symptoms and the nature of the illness, as well as the patient’s coping skills and locus of control.
Alternative therapies that can be helpful for back pain.
Chiropractic therapy
Meditation
Therapeutic touch
Acupuncture
Guided imagery
Which health model is useful in assesing a client's readiness for change?
What are examples of nursing actions that include physiologic needs, according to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?
1. Nursing administration of client's prescribed medications.
2. Nursing intervention - teaching client wound care management.
3. Nursing monitoring of client's fluid intake and elimination output.
Describe components of Chamberlain Care.
Chamberlain Care includes Care for:
Students, Faculty, Patients, Community, Partners.
Name some strategies to avoid or reduce nurse burnout and compassion fatigue.
Nurses can experience burnout, secondary traumatic stress, and compassion fatigue because of mandatory overtime, short staffing, and higher acuity patients with scarce resources. Managing stress and conflict, building connections with colleagues to share difficult stories, practicing self-care, finding activities to release tension such as exercise, vacation, healthy eating, rest/sleep, and maintaining an appropriate work-life balance are helpful stress-management techniques in dealing with difficult situations and contribute to safe and effective care; these are helpful strategies to reduce nurse burnout, secondary traumatic stress, and compassion fatigue.
List helpful strategies and interventions to promote sleep.
Avoid caffeine Maintain a routine.
Maintain a consistent bedtime and awake time schedule.
Decrease overstimulation before bedtime.
The nurse includes the client's emotional, spiritual, psychological, and physical needs during the assessment process. The client states they feel anxious, so the nurse does relaxation breathing and guided imagery with the client. Which health model is the nurse incorporating?
Holistic Model
Differentiate between Food Insecurity and Food Desert:
Food Insecurity:
Food Desert:
Food Insecurity: When a family experiences food insecurity it means that their access to adequate food is limited by a lack of money and other resources.
Food Desert: A food desert is an area where there is limited availability of affordable and nutritious healthy food.
Discuss the process for assisting a client to reposition to sit on the edge of a bed using safe handling technique.
The correct order to safely reposition a client from lying to sitting on the edge of the bed is: Roll the client onto the side closest to where they will be sitting. Place one arm under the client’s shoulders and one arm behind the client’s knees. Bend your knees. Use momentum to assist the client in a sitting position. Move the client to the edge of the bed. Lower the bed so the client’s feet are close to or touching the ground.
Which of the following is the highest priority client need that the nurse will address first, according to Maslow's Hierarchy of needs?
1. Not being able to urinate. 2. Not wanting visitors. 3. Not thinking they can self-inject their insulin. 4. Fearful of not being able to go back to work.
1. Not being able to urinate.
Examples of complementary and alternative therapy.
Examples of CAM: meditation, acupuncture, and massage therapy.
1. What is the nurse's role in the Health Promotion Model?
2. What are 3 components of the Heatlh Promotion Model?
1. Nurse's role in the Health Promotion Model is the Educator role- teaching individuals and familes to choose healthy options to live healthier lives.
2. The three components of the Health Promotion Model are individual characteristics and experiences, behavior-specific cognitions and affect, and behavioral outcomes.
Match the description below with the level of prevention, Primary, Secondary, Tertiary.
1. Focuses on preventing the progression of disease, illness, or infection once it occurs.
2. This level is focused on true prevention; it is used to prevent a disease or injury.
3. This level is used to restore health and function to the highest level possible.
1. Secondary prevention focuses on preventing the progression of disease, illness, or infection once it occurs. (Early screening, dectection, early intervention and treatment).
2. Primary prevention is focused on true prevention and early health promotion activities; it is used to prevent a disease or injury, before it occurs (reduction of incidence of illness and disease).
3. Tertiary prevention is used to restore health and function to the highest level possible, minimizing effects of disease and disability (restoration, rehabilitation; long term treatment plans after acute diagnosis).
How does the Affordable Care Act reduce healthcare costs?
Hospital value-based purchasing ties a portion of Medicare reimbursements for inpatient acute care to performance in quality measures (patient satisfaction, falls, wounds, safety, pain).
The hospital readmissions reduction program reduces Medicare reimbursement to hospitals with excessive client readmissions within 30 days of discharge.
Bundled payments for care improvements are a single payment for all services to treat a client during one single episode of care.
Hospital-acquired conditions reduction program is when the hospital receives reduced or no reimbursement from the federal government for treatment of conditions that happened during a hospital stay such as catheter-associated urinary infections and central line-associated bloodstream infections.
List Healthy People 2030 Objectives and Goals.
The overall goal of Healthy People 2030 is to identify nationwide health improvement priorities and provide measurable objectives and goals. These include:
•increase life expectancy and quality of life, •attain health literacy, > achieve health equity, eliminate health disparities through improved delivery of health care services.
Healthy People addresses the health risks and needs of groups, to improve the health of the nation. Healthy People focuses on disease prevention to decrease health disparities. Healthy People addresses concerns across the lifespan.
Describe the use of guided imagery and how a nurse can demonstrate it with a client.
Use a word, phrase, or visual imagery to distract from the distressing situation and promote relaxation and tension release during stressful moments.