is the state of awareness and our ability to perform more advanced tasks
Cognition
a sudden, spontaneous, uncontrolled depolarization of neurons, which causes abnormal motor or sensory activity and possibly loss of consciousness
Seizure
Morphine and Codeine
Natural opioids
Endogenous morphine
Endorphins
Pain perceived at a site distant from the source
Referred pain
One of the early changes noted in those with acute brain disorders
Decreasing level of consciousness
A peculiar visual or auditory sensation
Aura
Systemic infections that are common in drug abusers who share needles
Hepatitis B and HIV
Results from a profound, sudden loss of blood flow to an organ or tissues in a specific area of the body
Ischemic pain
Precipitating factors
Triggers
Severe headache, Vomiting, Papilledema
Early signs of increased ICP
Unknown cause of seizures
Idiopathic
Irritability, tremors, nausea, vomiting, stomach cramps, high blood pressure, psychotic episodes, and convulsions
Withdrawal symptoms
Responsible for attention, arousal, modulation of muscle tone, and focus ability.
Reticular Activating System
Decreased level of consciousness
This is a series of actions that requires someone with a suspected altered cognition to do to determine which areas of thought are affected
Mental Status Examination
signs occur before the seizure
Prodromal signs
A combination of drugs results in a stronger reaction than the individual components normally cause
Synergism
Pain receptors that are free sensory nerve ending present in most tissues of the body
Nociceptors
An irritant that causes metabolic changes in the liver cells, example: Alcohol
hepatotoxin
A sign of increased ICP, also known as droopy eyelid.
Ptosis
Related to a single area of damage in the cortex
Partial seizures
Manifested as confusion, disorientation, and loss of motor coordination
Wernicke syndrome
Suggests that pain responses are filtered through pain-modulated impulses conducted to the spinal cord
Gate-control theory
An indication that something in the RAS is not functioning properly
Altered cognition