Shock
This type of shock results from severe blood or fluid loss, leading to decreased preload and cardiac output.
What is hypovolemic shock?
This cardiac biomarker is the most specific and sensitive for myocardial injury.
What is troponin?
This ventricular rhythm is a medical emergency, often described as a chaotic, disorganized electrical activity with no cardiac output.
What is ventricular fibrillation?
This inherited disorder is caused by a deficiency in clotting factor VIII and leads to prolonged bleeding.
What is hemophilia A?
This type of stroke results from a ruptured blood vessel, often due to hypertension or aneurysm.
What is a hemorrhagic stroke?
This organ system is often the first to show signs of dysfunction in shock, indicated by altered mental status.
What is the central nervous system?
This classic symptom of MI is often described as crushing, substernal chest pain that may radiate to the left arm or jaw
What is angina pectoris?
This electrolyte imbalance is a common cause of ventricular dysrhythmias due to its role in cardiac repolarization.
What is hypokalemia?
This condition involves widespread clotting followed by bleeding due to consumption of clotting factors.
What is disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)?
This cardiac arrhythmia significantly increases the risk of embolic stroke.
What is atrial fibrillation?
This form of shock is characterized by widespread vasodilation due to systemic inflammation, often seen in sepsis.
What is distributive shock?
This coronary artery is most commonly involved in anterior wall myocardial infarctions.
What is the left anterior descending artery (LAD)?
This bradyarrhythmia may cause syncope due to transient cerebral hypoperfusion.
What is sinus bradycardia?
his cell fragment plays a key role in primary hemostasis by forming the initial plug at the site of injury.
What are platelets?
This post-stroke complication involves difficulty swallowing and increases the risk of aspiration pneumonia.
What is dysphagia?
This hormone is released during shock to promote vasoconstriction and sodium retention.
What is aldosterone?
This ECG finding, often seen in the early stages of MI, reflects acute transmural ischemia.
What is ST segment elevation?
This pacemaker site takes over when the SA node fails, typically producing a heart rate of 40–60 bpm.
What is the AV node?
This vitamin is essential for the synthesis of clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X in the liver.
What is vitamin K?
This transient neurological event mimics stroke symptoms but resolves within 24 hours without permanent damage.
What is a transient ischemic attack (TIA)?
This medication is the first-line treatment for anaphylactic shock due to its vasoconstrictive and bronchodilatory effects.
What is epinephrine?
This process initiates most myocardial infarctions by exposing subendothelial collagen and triggering platelet aggregation.
What is atherosclerotic plaque rupture?
This post-MI complication involves inflammation of the pericardium and may present with chest pain relieved by sitting forward.
What is pericarditis?
This lab test measures the effectiveness of the intrinsic pathway and is prolonged in hemophilia and heparin therapy.
What is activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)?
This thrombolytic drug must be administered within 3–4.5 hours of symptom onset in eligible ischemic stroke patients.
What is alteplase (tPA)?