Airway
Used to keep the tongue from blocking the airway.
An oral or nasal airway
The most effective method for administering ventilations on an apneic patient.
Two-person bag-valve-mask.
This is a device that delivers a specific amount of medication to the lungs in the form of a short burst of aerosolized medicine that the patient inhales.
Metered-dose inhaler (MDI)
Any type of heart problem could be called this.
Cardiac compromise.
The way a patient is injured is often referred to as this.
mechanism of injury
Should be used to open the airway of any patient who has suffered a traumatic injury to decrease cervical spine movement.
Jaw Thrust Maneuver
This is the maximum flow rate for a nasal cannula.
6LPM
The lower airway ends here.
At the alveoli, where gas exchange occurs.
An AED is used to treat patients in this.
Ventricular Fibrillation or Ventricular Tachycardia
A laceration, spurting bright red blood, most likely means this type of injury.
Arterial
The leaf-shaped structure that closes off the trachea during swallowing.
Epiglottis
To create negative pressure in the thorax (chest cavity) the diaphragm contracts and moves in this direction. (This action expands the volume of the thorax, allowing air to rush into the lungs.)
Downward.
The patient is not breathing deep enough for air exchange to occur in the alveoli, his carbon dioxide levels would be this.
Elevated.
The normal heart rate for a newborn is this.
140 – 160 beats per minute (BPM)
(an infant’s is 120 – 140 BPM)
Your patient is a 17-year old male found face down in a swimming pool. He is currently being held face up at the surface of the water. He is unconscious but breathing and has a pulse. This is the best course of action.
Apply cervical and spinal immobilization while the patient is still in the pool
The tongue is often a source of airway obstruction; it falls back and occludes the______.
pharynx
To provide oxygen therapy at "100%," this should be the flow rate be on a nonrebreather mask.
12-15 LPM
This is where oxygen moves to the hemoglobin by passing through a semipermeable membrane.
The capillary bed.
The two-flap valve is called the bicuspid valve, but is also called this.
mitral valve
You are called to the scene of a pedestrian struck by a car. Upon examination, you notice clear fluid leaking from the patient’s ear that you believe to be cerebral spinal fluid (CSF).
This injury is commonly associated with CSF leaking from the ears.
Basilar skull fracture
Forms the lower portion of the larynx.
The cricoid cartilage.
This type of medication opens the bronchi and increases the effectiveness of breathing when a patient has asthma.
Bronchodilator.
While obtaining the patient's history, you learn that the patient was involved in a fall at work and suffered a hip fracture and a head injury. The patient is now presenting with labored breathing at 30/min that has progressively worsened over the last 24 hours, a heart rate of 104, and a blood pressure of 98/70. On auscultation, you hear diffuse rales. The patient denies any complaints of pain other than those related to his recent fall.
What is the most likely cause of the patient's respiratory distress?
Adult respiratory distress syndrome.
Answer Explanation:
Adult respiratory distress syndrome involves non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema that presents 12-72 hours post-injury or surgery. Flash pulmonary edema has a rapid onset and deterioration over as little as 30 minutes and is associated with renal dysfunction. Congestive heart failure and cardiogenic shock, while they may occur from the ARDS, have an initial cardiac compromise.
The layers of the heart from the outside, in.
Epicardium, myocardium, endocardium
When there is penetrating trauma, there is a permanent cavity formed by the projectile contacting the tissues. How is a temporary cavity formed by this.
Energy transferring off of the projectile