General Cardiac
What makes the heart contract or pump?
Electrical impulses in the heart tissue
Rheumatic carditis etiology
Immune response to streptococcal microorganism
What are common causes of sinus tachycardia?
hypovolemia, exercise, anxiety, fear, pain, fever, hyperthyroidism, hemorrhage, shock, hypoxemia
What is the class of Metoprolol and what do you check prior to administration?
A Beta-blocker. HR and BP.
The patient just came back from a cardiac catherization. What are nursing considerations?
Distal pulses, Vital signs, assessment of procedure site, bleeding, urinary output
The patient has fluid on their lungs, and is requiring oxygen support, what disease is likely?
What is left sided heart failure?
What is the main artery that carries oxygenated blood to all body parts?
Aorta
What does P wave in ECG represent?
Atrial depolarisation/contraction
What is the class of Furosemide and what do you check prior to administration?
Loop diuretics. BP , and potassium levels.
What is the medication used to relieve episodic anginal pain?
Nitroglycerin
How do you decrease cardiac workload in a patient with pericarditis, endocarditis and myocarditis?
restrict activity/ bed rest
What is cardiac tamponade?
pericardial fluid raises the pressure within the pericardial sac and compresses the heart --> Pericardiocentesis
Atrial Fibrillation (AF) has wide and bizarre QRS complexes, true or false?
False
Name medications used for Atrial Fibrillation (AF) .
Blood thinners: Enoxaparin, warfarin, apixaban
Rate control: beta blockers, digoxin, amiodarone
What is the most definitive diagnostic tool for coronary artery disease?
Cardiac Catherization
What blood vessels supply oxygenated blood to the heart?
Coronary arteries
What is the sac around the heart called?
Pericardium
Cardiomyopathy nursing intervention goals:
Increase contractility of the heart and decrease how hard the heart is working
Coronary artery disease prevention education
Healthy weight, low sodium, low fat, and regular exercise
The mnemonic MONA for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) treatment stands for Morphine IV, Oxygen, Nitroglycerin SL, and what is the A?
Aspirin
Pain described by a patient with pericarditis
precordial pain (chest pain anterior to the heart)
What procedure is done to perform a percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)?
Cardiac catheterization
What are the two shockable rhythms in resuscitation?
What are Ventricular Fibrillation and pulseless Ventricular Tachycardia
Aortic regurgitation symptoms
palpitations (early sign), chest pain, dyspnea tachycardia
What heart rhythm is adenosine used for?
Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)