Immunity
Immunity acquired after recovering from an infection.
Natural active immunity
What type of vaccine is the varicella vaccine and what is the dosing schedule?
Live attenuated vaccine
2 doses: 12-15 months, 4-6 years
What is the administration schedule for Hepatitis B (HepB)
Birth
1-2 months
6-18 months
What class of drug is cyclophosphamide?
Alkylating agent
Antimetabolite (pyrimidine analog)
What class of drug is doxorubicin?
Anthracycline antineoplastic
What class of drug is vincristine?
Vinca alkaloid, mitotic inhibitor
Immunity acquired through vaccination
Artificial active immunity
What does the varicella vaccine do?
Prevents chickenpox and reduces shingles risk
What is the administration schedule for DTaP (Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis)
2, 4, 6 months
15-18 months
4-6 years
Why is cyclophosphamide prescribed?
Cancer
Lupus nephritis
Nephrotic syndrome
Why is 5-Fluorouracil prescribed?
GI cancers
Breast
Head/neck
Topical for skin lesions
Why is doxorubicin prescribed?
Breast, ovarian cancers
Leukemia
Lymphoma, sarcoma
Kaposi's sarcoma
Why is vincristine prescribed?
Leukemia
Lymphoma
Pediatric solid tumors
Maternal antibodies passed throught he placenta or breast milk
Natural passive immunity
What are some adverse reactions to the varicella vaccine?
Seizures
Pneumonia
Encephalitis (rare)
What is the administration schedule for IPV (Inactivated polio vaccine)
2,4 months
6-18 months
4-6 years
What are the common side effects of cyclophosphamide?
Nausea
Alopecia
Mouth sores
What are the common side effects of 5-Fluorouracil?
Hand-foot syndrome
Mucositis
Diarrhea
Photosensitivity
What are common side effects of doxorubicin?
Nausea
Mucositis
Alopecia
Red urine
What are the side effects of vincristine?
Constipation
Alopecia
Jaw pain
Immunity acquired by the injection of immune globulin
Artificial passive immunity
What are some contraindications to the varicella vaccine?
Immunosuppression
Allergy to components
What is the administration schedule for the MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella)
12-15 months
4-6 years
What are some adverse reactions to cyclophosphamide?
Bone marrow suppression
Hemorrhagic cystitis
Infections
Infertility
What are some adverse reactions to 5-Fluorouracil?
Myelosuppression
Cardiotoxicity
Neurotoxicity
DPD-related toxicity
What are some adverse reactions to doxorubicin?
Cardiotoxicity
Myelosuppression
Secondary cancers
Extravasion
What are some adverse reactions to vincristine?
Neurotoxicity
SIADH
Extravasion
Fatal intrathecal risk
What is the advantage of passive immunity?
Rapid onset of protection
What are the teaching points for the patient administered a varicella vaccine?
Avoid aspirin
Monitor for rash
Delay pregnancy
Report severe symptoms
What are the vaccines advised for the 11-12 year old?
Tdap (Tetanus, Diphtheria, Pertussis - booster)
HPV (Human Papillomavirus)
MenACWY (Meningococcal Conjugate)
What are the teaching points for a patient prescribed cyclophosphamide?
Hydration
Contraception
Infection precautions
Lab monitoring
What are the teaching points for a patient prescribed 5-Fluorouracil?
Oral care
Sun protection
Genetic screening
Report chest pain
Avoid pregnancy
What are the teaching points for a patient prescribed doxorubicin?
Report cardiac symptoms
Avoid live vaccines
Monitor CBC
Use contraception
What are the teaching points for a patient prescribed vincristine?
Report neuropathy
Monitor bowel function
Avoid live vaccines
IV route only