Integumentary
what are the two layers the skin is made up of?
Epidermis
Dermis
what is hypoxia?
inadequate levels of oxygen in tissue to supportaerobic metabolism
True or false: Serum potassium level is mainly maintained by renal excretion
True
Name a non-modifiable risk factors for hypertension.
Family history
what is a PCA
Patient controlled analgesia
what type of tissue is the epidermis made up of?
stratified squamous epithelium
What is the recommended flow rate for Nasal Prongs?
1-4L/min
What are two clinical symptoms of acute kidney injury?
Increased urea and creatinine.
Decreased urine output
what assessments/interventions would you undertake when a patient presents with acute chest pain?
ECG
Full blood count, troponin level
what is theraputic ceilling in drug administration?
The maximum effect produced
Base layer of the epithelium has basal cells which continually divide
what is an appropriate intervention for a patient in respiratory distress?
Supplemental oxygen
Adminstering sulbutamol
A direct connection of an artery to a vein. What type of access for haemodialysis is this?
Arteriovenous Fistula (AV)
GTN works by...
relaxation of vascular smooth muscle
PQRST stands for...
Provokes, Quality, Radiation, Severity, and Time.
Describe the vascular response during inflammation?
chemical mediators increase capillary permeability, causing fluid movement.
True of Flase: asthma is caused by a type 1 hypersensitivity to an allergen
True
Urinalysis shows pH 4.5. Which condition is the patient experiencing?
acidosis
how do beta blockers act on the body ?
Decreases Peripheral Vascular Resistance- cause the heart to beat more slowly
It works in the brain to block prostaglandin production to inhibit pain signals reaching somatosensory cortex.
How do neurons reapir?
Dead neurons cant be replaced, damaged axons are reapired by Wallerian regeneration.
what is a spontaneous pneumothorax?
pneumothorax with no underlying disease factors
What is the physiological response that causes reduced urine output in a patient who has a volume deficit?
Collecting duct reabsorbs more water
What is the pharmacological action of as ACE inhibitor?
Block renin angiotensin-Aldosterone System
Opioids work in the spinal cord to cuase analgesia by blocking nociceptors signals from spinal cord to thalamus.