Water-Soluble Vitamins
The deficiency of Vitamin C
This vitamin deficiency is the #1 cause of blindness worldwide.
What is Vitamin A?
These types of minerals are only required in amounts of less than or equal to 100mg.
What are trace minerals?
This energy state occurs when an individual is consuming more calories than they excrete, causing weight gain.
What is a positive energy state?
This essential nutrient serves as a universal solvent and a medium for chemical reactions within the body.
What is water?
Milk should not be kept in a glass container due to this vitamin being destroyed by sunlight.
This condition is more common than a heart attack or a stroke and is associated with deficiencies in calcium, vitamin D, vitamin K, and magnesium.
This mineral is an essential component of proteins hemoglobin and myoglobin and exists as the most common micronutrient deficiency worldwide.
What is iron?
What is Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)?
This mineral is an abundant positively charged ion in the cells, and 90% exists in intracellular fluid.
What is potassium?
Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome, found in alcoholics, is very similar to this vitamin deficiency.
What is beriberi (thiamin deficiency)?
What organs must first chemically modify Vitamin D before absorption?
What are the liver and kidneys?
This deficiency throughout fetal development can cause cretinism.
What is iodine?
This metabolic process releases energy from the cells, with one example being glycolysis.
What is catabolism?
This electrolyte is maintained at a precise level by the body, as the kidneys reduce or increase excretion as needed.
What is sodium?
This vitamin is required for the division of cells, and deficiency through pregnancy can cause an infant to have a neural tube defect.
What is folate?
This vitamin can be produced by bacteria in the colon and is injected into newborn babies after birth to avoid dangerous bleeding.
What is Vitamin K?
Absorption of iron and copper are inhibited when there is an excess of this mineral.
What is zinc?
This component of energy balance makes up about 10% of our total energy expenditure and is used to digest and absorb nutrients.
What is the thermic effect of food (TEF)?
This term refers to when a solution is more concentrated in dissolved particles than the cell itself inside of the solution.
What is hypertonic?
What vitamin interacts with folate by converting it into its active form in an effort to synthesize DNA?
What is Vitamin B12?
This plant form of Vitamin A can be found in carrots, beets, and sweet potatoes.
What are carotenoids?
This hormone tightly regulates blood calcium levels through the activation of Vitamin D, stimulation of calcium release from the bones, and reducing loss of calcium through urine.
What is the parathyroid hormone (PTH)?
This hormone, known as the "appetite suppressor", is produced by fat tissue when satiated and communicates to the body to stop eating due to fullness.
What is leptin?
The brain's thermoregulatory center sends signals to the body to stimulate thirst.
What is the hypothalamus?