Abdominal
4 Quadrants
What data indicates a patient's cognitive function: orientation?
Person, Place, Time, and Situation.
What is the pulse rate range for an adult?
60-100 bpm
What is the range for breath sounds per minute for adults?
12-20 breaths per minute
Name 4 things you inspect for during a skin assessment?
Color, texture, temperature, moisture, mobility, turgor, thickness, skin variations (any).
In what order should you do an abdominal assessment?
Inspection, Auscultation, Percussion, Palpation
What is PERRLA?
Pupils equal, round, reactive to light with accommodation.
What are the 5 locations for heart sounds?
Aortic, Pulmonic, Erb's Point, Tricuspid, and Mitral
How many spots on the anterior chest would you listen for lung sounds?
8 spots (4 bilaterally)
How do you assess temperature of the skin?
Using the dorsal side of the hand.
How long would you listen for bowel sounds if you do not hear anything?
5 minutes in each quadrant.
What serious medical condition could a facial droop indicate?
Stroke
Where is S1 and S2 heard loudest?
S1 is heard loudest at the apex. S2 is heard loudest at the base.
Where does gas exchange occur?
Alveoli in the lungs
How many stages of pitting edema are there?
4 Stages
Why do you listen to abdomen before you palpate it?
Palpating the abdomen may elicit false bowel sounds.
What are two ways to test for coordination?
Heel to shin and rapid alternating movements.
How many locations can you palpate a pulse?
10 pulse points (or 20 bilaterally)- Temporal, Carotid, Apical, Brachial, Radial, Ulnar, Femoral, Popliteal, Posterior tibial, and Dorsalis pedis
What does clubbing of the nails indicate?
Chronic hypoxia
What does skin turgor indicate?
Hydration Status
What are four subjective questions you should ask a patient regarding the abdominal assessment?
Do you have any abdominal pain? Any change in bowel habits? Nausea or vomiting? Indigestion? Heartburn? Problems with urination?
What are the 12 Cranial Nerves?
Olfactory, Optic, Oculomotor, Trochlear, Trigeminal, Abducens, Facial, Acoustic, Glossopharyngeal, Vagus, Accessory, and Hypoglossal.
What are bruits?
The sound made by a narrowing of the artery in the neck.
Name 5 medical conditions that you could assess for in a patient’s respiratory system history?
Asthma, bronchitis, bronchiectasis, emphysema, chronic pulmonary disease, lung cancer, tuberculosis, pneumonia, flu, Covid-19, or chest injury.
Patient’s with limited mobility are at risk for skin breakdown, what is especially important to examine during their skin assessment?
Bony Prominences