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A 3-month-old bottle-fed infant is allergic to cow’s milk. Which is the best substitute to teach the parents to use?
A. Goat’s milk
B. Soy-based formula
C. Skim milk diluted with water
D. Casein hydrolysate milk formula
D. Casein hydrolysate milk formula
Which intervention lowers the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)?
A. Keeping the window open if one is smoking near the infant.
B. Placing the infant in the supine position for sleeping.
C. Letting the infant sleep with the parents instead of alone in the crib.
D. Making certain the infant is kept very warm while sleeping.
B. Placing the infant in the supine position for sleeping.
A 9-month-old infant is seen in the emergency department after developing urticaric rash with cough and wheezing. When collecting the history of events prior to the sudden onset of the rash with cough and wheezing, the mother states they were “feeding the baby new foods.” Which food is the most likey cause of this type of reaction in the infant?
A. Potatoes
B. Green beans
C. Spinach
D. Peanut butter
D. Peanut butter
Which statement is most descriptive of kwashiorkor?
A. It has a multifactorial etiology.
B. It occurs primarily in breastfed infants.
C. It results from excessive amounts of vitamin K.
D. It is related to inadequate calories, not adequate protein.
A. It has a multifactorial etiology.
A mother is bringing her 4-month-old infant into the clinic for a routine well-baby check. The mother is exclusively breastfeeding. There are no other liquids given to the infant. What vitamin does the nurse anticipate the provider will prescribe for this infant?
A. Vitamin B
B. Vitamin D
C. Vitamin C
D. Vitamin K
B. Vitamin D
According to evidenced based practice in a recent Cochrane database, which statement is most accurate with regard to the relationship between vitamin A and measles?
A. It is correlated with an increased risk of blindness.
B. Vitamin A supplementation should not be provided to children who have measles.
C. There was no correlation between blindness in children who had measles and who also had vitamin A deficiency.
D. Vitamin A supplementation in children with measles will lead to blindness.
C. There was no correlation between blindness in children who had measles and who also had vitamin A deficiency.
Which food combination will generally provide the appropriate amounts of essential amino acids for an individual who is a vegetarian?
A. Grains and legumes
B. Grains and vegetables
C. Legumes and vegetables
D. Milk products and fruit
A. Grains and legumes
A nurse is providing education to a community group in preparation for a mission trip to a third world country with limited access to protein-based food sources. The nurse is aware that children in this country are at increased risk for
A. rickets.
B. marasmus.
C. kwashiorkor.
D. pellagra.
C. kwashiorkor.
In providing nutritional counseling for a family with children, which statement would indicate that the parents need additional teaching with regard to mineral balance?
A. “I will give my child fortified milk products and avoid cow’s milk.”
B. “I will avoid giving my children any mineral supplements so as to avoid the possibility of megadoses.”
C. “Spinach is not a very source of iron when considering mineral balance.”
D. “I don’t have to worry about mineral balance since my child will be following a vegetarian diet.”
D. “I don’t have to worry about mineral balance since my child will be following a vegetarian diet.”
Which infant is at risk for developing vitamin D–deficieny rickets?
A. Lacto-ovo vegetarians
B. Those who are breastfed exclusively
C. Those using yogurt as a primary source of milk
D. Those exposed to daily sunlight
C. Those using yogurt as a primary source of milk
The nurse is providing education to parents of an infant diagnosed with colic. What would the nurse include in the discharge teaching?
A. The child will have to be watched for gastrointestinal issues in the future.
B. The symptoms of colic typically disappear by 3 months of age.
C. Providing juice at the start of the fussy period will help decrease the length of the crying episodes.
D. The feeding method needs to be changed to a hypoallergenic formula.
B. The symptoms of colic typically disappear by 3 months of age.
A child relates that every time he eats a certain food, he gets a stomachache. No other discernable physical symptoms have been correlated with the food intake. Based on this information, the nurse would suspect that the child may be exhibiting?
A. Food refusal behavior
B. Food intolerance
C. Food allergy
D. Food preference
B. Food intolerance
The parents of a 5-month-old child complain to the nurse that they are exhausted because the infant still wakes up as often as every 1 to 2 hours during the night. When the child awakens, they change the diaper and the mother nurses the child back to sleep. Which should the nurse suggest to help the parents deal with this problem?
A. Put the child in the parents' bed to cuddle.
B. Start putting the infant to bed while still awake.
C. Allow the infant to cry for 30 minutes, and then rock the infant back to sleep before putting the infant back in the crib.
D. Give the infant a bottle of formula instead of breastfeeding so often at night.
B. Start putting the infant to bed while still awake.
A 1-month-old infant is admitted to the hospital for failure to thrive (FTT) secondary to a cardiac condition. Based on the nurse’s knowledge of the physiological categories of FTT, this would be categorized as
A. defective utilization.
B. increased metabolism.
C. inadequate absorption.
D. inadequate calorie intake
B. increased metabolism.
A newborn who is suspected of having atopy would most likely have which diagnostic finding?
A. Small for gestational age (SGA)
B. Increased levels of IgE in umbilical cord blood
C. No family history of allergies
D. Precipitous delivery
B. Increased levels of IgE in umbilical cord blood