Sedative-hypnotic
A client in the ED requires sedation for a minor procedure. Their medical history includes respiratory depression. Which sedative-hypnotic medication should be prioritized to minimize respiratory compromise?
Ketamine
Etomidate
Propofol
Midazolam
Etomidate
Etomidate has minimal respiratory depression effects and is suitable for clients with respiratory concerns.
A client with Parkinson’s disease reports consistent drooling and difficulty swallowing pills. Which medication regimen adjustment may address this symptom?
Adding propranolol for symptomatic management
Substituting levodopa-carbidopa with amantadine therapy
Increasing the frequency of levodopa-carbidopa dosing
Switching to an orally disintegrating form of levodopa-carbidopa
Switching to an orally disintegrating form of levodopa-carbidopa
Orally disintegrating forms dissolve on contact with saliva and eliminate the need for swallowing pills, which can reduce the aspiration risk associated with dysphagia.
Which sedative-hypnotic would be most appropriate for a client with a history of epilepsy and why?
Hydroxyzine
Eszopiclone
Phenobarbital
Diazepam
Diazepam
Diazepam is a benzodiazepine effective in treating seizures and anxiety, making it ideal for clients with epilepsy.
A client is prescribed valproic acid for seizure control but presents with elevated liver enzymes during routine labs. What is the nurse's priority action?
Encourage the client to increase their fluid intake
Immediately report the results to the healthcare provider
Administer acetylcysteine to reverse liver damage
Continue administering the medication as prescribed
Immediately report the results to the healthcare provider
Valproic acid can cause hepatotoxicity, and elevated liver enzymes require immediate evaluation by a healthcare provider to prevent further liver damage.
When considering sedation for a client undergoing surgery, which medication requires careful monitoring due to its potential for causing significant respiratory depression?
Buspirone
Barbiturates
Lorazepam
Ketamine
Barbiturates
Barbiturates are powerful respiratory depressants, requiring close monitoring in anesthesia settings.
A client with multiple sclerosis is receiving baclofen for muscle spasticity. What adverse effect should the nurse prioritize monitoring for?
Nephrotoxicity
Blood dyscrasia
Hypertension
Respiratory depression
Respiratory depression
Baclofen can depress the central nervous system and cause respiratory depression, especially at higher dosages or in clients sensitive to the medication.
A client who struggles with insomnia is prescribed a hypnotic medication. Which benzodiazepine-like medication would be most appropriate?
Phenobarbital
Gabapentin
Diazepam
Zaleplon
Zaleplon
Zaleplon is benzodiazepine-like and effective for helping clients fall asleep, ideal for treating insomnia.
A client with a history of epilepsy is prescribed phenytoin. Which client teaching point is most critical to emphasize?
Expect skin discoloration as a normal side effect
Double up on missed doses to prevent seizures
Brush and floss your teeth daily to minimize gum problems
Take the medication with antacids to reduce stomach upset
Brush and floss your teeth daily to minimize gum problems
Phenytoin can cause gingival hyperplasia, and good oral hygiene is necessary to reduce this risk.
A client receives etomidate for anesthetic induction. Which physiological parameter requires close monitoring post-administration?
Glucose Levels
Oxygen Saturation
Cortisol Levels
Heart Rate
Cortisol Levels
Etomidate can suppress adrenal function, affecting cortisol production, thus requiring monitoring.
A client reports restlessness and insomnia after starting a CNS stimulant for ADHD. What is the nurse’s best action?
Instruct the client to skip every other dose.
Discontinue the medication immediately.
Advise the client to consume caffeine to alleviate symptoms.
Recommend taking the last dose earlier in the day.
Recommend taking the last dose earlier in the day.
Taking CNS stimulants earlier in the day can help prevent insomnia and restlessness at night.