Blowing Harder
The most common presentation of acute bronchitis?
How does kyphoscoliosis cause breathing problems?
Which type of perfusion disorder presents with stasis ulcers, swelling, and pain relieved with increased activity?
Venous Insufficiency
If left heart failure causes pulmonary symptoms, what happens in right heart failure?
Systemic symptoms
Chest pain unrelieved by rest or nitroglycerin?
Unstable Angina
What enzyme is missing that makes you more likely to develop emphysema?
Alpha 1 Antitrypsin
Contralateral (away from the pneumothorax)
Give 3 risk factors of atherosclerosis.
Male
High LDL
Low HDL
Diabetes
Smoking
When left heart failure gets so bad that it causes right heart failure, what do you call that?
Biventricular failure
Stenosis of the mitral valve can lead to what change in the heart?
Give 3 things that Chronic Bronchitis has and Emphysema usually doesn't.
A type of restrictive lung disease that you often find in non-smokers who are exposed to different chemicals, and if untreated, can lead to calcification of lung tissue?
Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis
What do you call the type of pain that patients with peripheral artery disease have that is worsened by activity?
What factor deficiency is noted in Hemophilia A and which pathway is affected?
Factor VIII, intrinsic pathway
Infection of the inner lining of the heart that leads to formation of vegetation, which can ultimately lead to valve insufficiency.
Infective Endocarditis
PCP (Pneumocystis carinii/jiroveci)
Which organs other than the lungs are affected by sarcoidosis?
Liver, Lymph Nodes, Muscle, Skin
Hypercoagulability
Endothelial Damage
Which valvular defect causes a holosystolic/pansystolic murmur?
Mitral Regurgitation
Stenosis of the aortic valve can lead to what change in the heart?
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
What causes the barrel chest in emphysema?
Air trapping
Refers to increased pulmonary resistance that leads to right sided hypertrophy and right heart failure.
Cor Pulmonale
What mechanism causes the pain in Raynaud's Phenomenon?
Lactic Acid Build-up due to ischemia causing nerve irritation
What is a permanent consequence of chronic pericarditis where adhesions (scar tissue) form between the layers of the pericardium?
Mitral stenosis causes what kind of change in terms of the electrical conduction of the heart?
Atrial dysrhythmias
What do you call when TB spread to different parts of the body other than the lungs?
This is a chronic autoimmune disorder that primarily affects the spine, causing inflammation and low back pain, but also problems with breathing possibly due to fusing and stiffening of the rib cage?
Ankylosing Spondylitis
The 6 P's of Compartment Syndrome (which is also common in arterial disease)
Pain
Paralysis
Pulselessness
Pallor
Paresthesia
Poikilothermia/Palpable Swelling
What is the Beck's Triad?
Distended Neck Veins
Decreased Blood Pressure
Distant Heart Sounds
What kind of symptoms are expected in mitral valve stenosis?
Pulmonary symptoms