Cognitive Neuroscience
This person believed that the mind was located in the Pineal Gland of the brain.
Who is Rene Descartes?
What are three types of neural glial cells?
Astrocyte, oligodendrocyte, microglia
What is the term used to refer to the idea that there is a group of neurons responsible for responding to specific stimuli?
Neural representation
What is the type of imaging that is most like taking an x-ray of the brain?
Computerized tomography
This is a type of neurosurgical operation in which the corpus callosum is severed to reduce epileptic activity.
Split brain procedure
What term is used to refer to the modern adaptation of phrenology in cognitive neuroscience?
Functional specialization
What structure is explicitly involved in Parkinson's Disease?
Substantia Nigra
Where does the EEG signal originate from?
In the postsynaptic dendrite
In fMRI, this signal is measured over time to produce this function.
BOLD and HRF
This type of lesioning in animal models involves cutting discrete white matter bundles.
What is the mind-body problem?
The problem of how a physical substance (the brain) can give rise to sensation, thought and emotion (the mind).
What are the structures of the diencephalon and what purpose do they serve?
Thalamus - relays sensory information (except smell)
Hypothalamus - Regulates endocrine function (temperature, thirst, hunger, etc.)
What is the N170 component of the ERP signal associated with?
Whether or not a face is famous or not.
What are the three types of data that can be obtained using an MRI?
Structural, Connectional, Functional
Name the three ways in which patients are grouped in lesion studies.
By syndrome, by cognitive symptom, by anatomical lesion location.
Name three methods that have good temporal resolution.
EEG, MEG, TMS, single-cell recordings
Name the three standard ways the brain can be sectioned (from lecture).
Coronal, Sagittal, Axial
This component of the ERP signal is related to properties of the task.
Endogenous component.
What is the term used to describe the degree to which water diffusion is restricted along a given axon?
Fractional anisotropy
This assumption by Caramazza states that all cognitive systems are identical.
What is the Universality assumption.
What is phrenology and who were its biggest advocates?
The idea that individual differences can be mapped onto differences in skull shape. Gall and Spurzheim.
What are the three conventions for dividing and labeling the cerebral cortex?
By patterns of gyri, by cytoarchitecture, by function
What was the major finding from Quiroga et al. (2005)?
Jennifer Aniston and Halle Berry cells
What is the major problem with Voxel Based Morphometry?
Partial Volume Effect
What type of stimulation is being carried out by transcranial magnetic stimulation? (hint: it's not just 'magnetic')
Electromagnetic induction