SKIN & WOUNDS
BURNS
BURN EMERGENCIES
CLINICAL PRIORITIES
MISCELL.
100

Which skin layer contains hair follicles?

  • Dermis
  • The dermal layer
  • Middle layer of the skin
100

A burn is dry, leathery, stiff, painless, and does not blanch. What depth of burn is this?

  • Full-thickness burn injury
  • Full-thickness burn
  • Third-degree burn
100

A burn patient has a hoarse voice, facial swelling, and gray-black sputum. What is the priority action?

  • Prepare for immediate endotracheal intubation to secure the airway.
  • Prepare for immediate intubation.
  • Secure the airway.
100

A wound is showing healthy granulation and contraction. What does this tell the nurse?

  • The wound treatment has been effective.
  • The wound is healing.
  • Healing and tissue repair are occurring.
100

A patient with a TBI has mechanical injury to blood vessels and disruption of cellular function. What secondary effects can follow?

  • Ischemia, blood-brain barrier breakdown, and edema
  • Cerebral edema
  • Reduced blood supply and cellular injury
200

Which skin layer provides the body's moisture barrier?

  • Epidermis
  • Epidermal layer
  • Outer skin layer
200

What type of shock results from the major fluid loss associated with extensive burns?

  • Hypovolemic shock
  • Burn-related hypovolemic shock
  • Shock from decreased intravascular volume
200

A burn patient is in respiratory distress with accessory muscle use, but the pulse oximeter reads 100%. What should the nurse do?

  • Administer 100% humidified oxygen and prepare for possible airway intervention.
  • Give 100% humidified oxygen.
  • Prepare for airway management.
200

A client has a painful, blistering rash limited to one side of the chest. Identify the condition.

  • Shingles
  • Herpes zoster
  • Zoster
200

A critically ill client with SIADH has several abnormal laboratory values. Which one requires immediate intervention?

  • Serum sodium 125 mEq/L
  • Severe hyponatremia
  • Sodium of 125 mEq/L
300

A client with a chronic wound asks why smoking slows healing. What is the key physiological explanation?

  • Nicotine causes vasoconstriction so the wound might not get enough blood flow to heal.
  • Nicotine decreases blood flow.
  • Smoking causes vasoconstriction and impairs wound perfusion.
300

During burn resuscitation, what assessment finding best indicates that fluid replacement is working?

  • Urine output greater than 0.5 mL/kg/hr
  • UO >0.5 mL/kg/hr
  • Adequate urine output
300

A patient sustains a gasoline burn. What must occur to protect both the patient and healthcare team from continued chemical exposure?

  • Decontamination of the client
  • Remove the contaminant and decontaminate the patient.
  • Follow chemical decontamination procedures.
300

You have two options:

Your team either gains 300 points

OR

You force another team to lose 300 points

300

A patient with TBI develops loss of sensation and cognitive difficulties. What type of consequence does this represent?

  • Secondary disability
  • Secondary condition following TBI
  • TBI-related cognitive and sensory disability
400

What psychological complication can occur in clients with chronic wounds or visible skin disorders?

  • Psychological distress
  • Psychosocial distress
  • Emotional distress
400

A client has burns over approximately 50% of the body. Name one major physiological change expected during severe burns.

  • Capillary leak
  • Decreased plasma volume
  • Loss of protein
400

Why can a burn patient have a normal pulse-ox reading despite having a potentially serious inhalation injury?

  • Pulse oximetry may not immediately detect the effects of inhalation injury.
  • Normal SpO₂ does not rule out inhalation injury.
  • Airway edema and respiratory compromise can develop despite a normal SpO₂.
400

Which ulcer is typically deep, punched-out, may contain eschar, and is associated with poor perfusion, cool hairless skin, and pallor?

  • Arterial ulcer
  • Ischemic ulcer
  • Arterial insufficiency ulcer
400

After a left carotid endarterectomy, a patient's BP is 166/88. A new nurse wants to rapidly lower it to 120/80. What is the best teaching point?

  • Aggressively lowering BP immediately after stroke may cause cerebral hypoperfusion and worsen neurological outcomes, so gradual control within safe parameters is advised.
  • Avoid rapid BP reduction because it can decrease cerebral perfusion.
  • Blood pressure should be controlled carefully and gradually.
500

When developing a nutrition plan for a client with a wound, what cultural consideration should the nurse specifically assess?

  • Food preferences
  • Cultural food preferences
  • Preferred culturally appropriate foods
500

Severe burns cause capillary leakage. What happens to the patient's plasma volume as fluid moves out of the vascular space?

  • Decreased plasma volume
  • Reduced intravascular volume
  • Loss of circulating plasma volume
500

In a patient with suspected inhalation injury, why is airway protection prioritized over simply giving oxygen by nasal cannula?

  • Airway edema can rapidly progress to obstruction.
  • Progressive airway swelling can cause respiratory failure.
  • The airway may become compromised rapidly.
500

Which ulcer is classically associated with a shallow wound and lower-extremity edema caused by impaired venous valve function?

  • Venous ulcer
  • Venous stasis ulcer
  • Venous leg ulcer
500

Who are your two favorite professors?

Professor Honny and Professor Gabe

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