Miscellaneous
Nuclear Reactions
Half-Life
Fission
Fusion
100

Who discovered radioactive elements such as radium and polonium

Curie / Becquerel

100

3 constructive uses of nuclear reactions

medical imaging (x-rays), treatment, generating energy (power plant)

100
What is half-life
Average time it takes for half the amount of a radioactive element to decay
100
What is fission?
a nuclear reaction that invlolves the splitting of a heavy nucleus into a lighter nucleus.
100
What is fusion?
Two smaller nuclei combining to form a larger nucleus, releasing tremendous amounts of energy. Type of reaction that occurs in the stars.
200

Part of the atom involved in a nuclear reaction.

nucleus

200
Three types of nuclear radiation
alpha, beta, gamma
200
Thorium-234 has a half-life of 24 days, started with 100 g how much is left after 48 days?
What is 25 grams
200
What type of reaction does fission lead to?
chain reaction
200
Productive uses for nuclear chemistry
What are medicine, energy, food irradiation
300

part of the atom involved in a normal chemical reaction

What is an electron

300
What are the benefits of fission?
huge amounts of energy; plenty of resource
300

Plutonium-239 is 24,110 years how much of 100 g remains after 96,440 years?

What is 6.25 grams

300
What are the downsides of using fission as an energy source?
nuclear waste; danger of out-of-control chain reaction
300

Why isn't fusion used in power plants?

required temperatures are too high; generally the energy output is less than the input

400

Compare and contrast fission and fusion.

both release high amounts of energy; both are nuclear reactions (involve the nucleus); fission is "splitting" a nucleus, fusion is combining 2 smaller nuclei; fission happens in nuclear power plants and atomic bombs, fusion is only observed on the sun.

400

What are the reactants and products in a fission reaction?

A neutron bullet and a fissionable isotope (Uranium-235) are reactants; more neutrons and smaller fragments are the products

400

Radium-266 has a half life of 1599 years, how much of 15.0 mg is left after 6396 years.

What is 0.94 mg

400
When can mass be converted to energy?
Only during a nuclear reaction
400

What do two deuterium atoms react to form? Write an equation.

Helium-3 and a neutron

OR
Helium-4

500

what is the difference between ionizing and non-ionizing radiation, and what are examples of each?

Ionizing radiation (like x-rays and gamma rays) has enough energy to knock electrons out of atoms, creating ions, while non-ionizing radiation (like radio waves and visible light) does not have enough energy to do so.  

500

What are the key differences between each type of nuclear reactions?

Natural transmutation has 1 reactant because it spontaneously decays. 

Artificial transmutation has 2 reactants such as an isotope and an alpha particle or neutron. Fission is a type of A.T. that involves an isotope and neutron.

Fusion has 2 reactants (smaller nuclei) to produce a larger nuclei.

500

The half life of Thorium-227 is 16 days, how many days are required for three-fourths to decay?

What is 32 days

500

How is fission used in a power plant?

The process involves a chain reaction of splitting uranium atoms, releasing energy in the form of heat. This heat is used to boil water, producing steam, which then spins a turbine connected to a generator, ultimately producing electricity

500

What are the products of two Helium-3 reacting together? Write an equation.

Helium-4 and two Hydrogen-1 isotopes

M
e
n
u