Basic Concepts
This type of molecule stores genetic information in living organisms.
What are nucleic acids?
The shape of the DNA molecule discovered by Watson and Crick.
What is the double helix?
The sugar found in RNA.
What is ribose?
The location in eukaryotic cells where DNA replication occurs.
What is the nucleus?
The field of science that studies and manipulates DNA.
What is genetic engineering?
The two main types of nucleic acids found in cells.
What are DNA and RNA?
The four nitrogenous bases in DNA.
What are adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine?
The nitrogenous base found in RNA instead of thymine.
What is uracil?
The process where DNA makes a copy of itself.
What is DNA replication?
The use of DNA analysis to identify individuals in criminal investigations.
What is DNA fingerprinting?
The basic building block (monomer) of nucleic acids.
What is a nucleotide?
The base pairing rule where adenine pairs with thymine and cytosine pairs with this base.
What is guanine?
The type of RNA that carries genetic information from DNA to ribosomes.
What is messenger RNA (mRNA)?
The process of making RNA from DNA.
What is transcription?
The complete set of genetic material in an organism.
What is the genome?
The three parts that make up a nucleotide.
What are a phosphate group, a sugar, and a nitrogenous base?
The bonds that hold complementary bases together in DNA.
What are hydrogen bonds?
The type of RNA that helps assemble amino acids into proteins.
What is transfer RNA (tRNA)?
The process of building proteins from mRNA.
What is translation?
The technology used to copy DNA in laboratories millions of times.
What is PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)?
The sugar found in DNA.
What is deoxyribose?
The scientists credited with discovering the structure of DNA in 1953.
Who are James Watson and Francis Crick?
The type of RNA that forms part of the ribosome.
What is ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?
The enzyme responsible for adding nucleotides during DNA replication.
What is DNA polymerase?
The technology used to edit genes with high precision.
What is CRISPR-Cas9?