Monomer
What is the monomer of nucleic acids?
Nucleotide
What reaction is used to build the nucleic acid polymer?
Condensation or dehydration reaction
How is the sugar component of each nucleotide different?
DNA is missing the 2' OH
What is the main function of nucleic acids?
Information storage
What is primary structure of DNA and RNA?
Single strand of nucleotides covalently linked together
How many carbons are in the sugar of a monomer?
5
What type of linkage/bond is formed?
Phosphodiester linkage
How are the nitrogenous bases different?
DNA uses A, T, G, C and RNA uses A, U, G, C
What type of bonds holds two DNA strands together?
Hydrogen
What is the secondary structure of DNA?
Antiparallel double helix
What functional group is attached to the 5' carbon?
Phosphate group
In which direction is the polymer built?
5' to 3'
Which is more stable?
DNA
How do nucleic acids perform their main function?
The order of the nitrogenous bases determines the order of amino acids in proteins
What is the tertiary structure of DNA?
Supercoils of DNA wrapped around histones (nucleosomes)
Name the purine nitrogenous bases.
A and G
What is the backbone of nucleic acid polymers called?
Sugar phosphate backbone
What is the complimentary DNA strand to 5'-GATAC-3'
3'-CTATG-5'
What additional function does RNA sometimes have?
Enzymatic activity
What is the secondary structure of RNA?
Single strand folds on itself tor form loops
Name the pyrimidine nitrogenous bases.
T, C, and U
What parts of each nucleotide react to form a new linage?
3' OH on first nucleotide and 5' phosphate on next nucleotide
Which is an intermediate in protein synthesis?
RNA
How does complimentary base pairing allow DNA repliacation?
Complimentary strand is built by complimentary base pairing with the template strand
What is tertiary structure of RNA?
Folding of secondary structures to form 3D shapes