DNA
The five-carbon sugar found in ribonucleic acid (RNA)
What is ribose ?
The place where transcription occurs
What is the nucleus?
The molecule that is complementary to mRNA
tRNA (anticodon)
A mutation where only one base is affected
What is a point mutation?
The 3 components of an RNA nucleotide
phosphate, ribose sugar, bases (A, U, G, C)
A type of RNA that copies DNA
What is mRNA?
Organelle responsible for building amino acids
What is a ribosome?
A single gene change in DNA of hemoglobin causing
sickle cell anemia
A scientist who proposed that in any sample of DNA the percentage of A equals T and the percentage of C equals G
Who is Erwin Chargaff?
A weak bond that holds the nitrogenous bases together
Hydrogen bond
The start or initiator codon
What is AUG (methionine)?
Place where translation takes place?
Cytoplasm
Known as the central dogma in biology
DNA --> RNA --> Protein
These scientists who published a paper in 1953 suggesting the correct structure of DNA
Who were James Watson and Francis Crick ?
The number of codons needed to specify two amino acids
What is two?
Type of mutation passed to offspring
Germline- which occurs in reproductive cells
If there is 22% A in DNA, what is the percentage of C?
What is 28%
The enzyme that binds DNA during transcription and separates the two DNA strands
What is RNA polymerase?
What is a triplet?
A codon
What happens during translation?
The cell uses mRNA to produce amino acids to build the protein
Chromosomal mutation types (there are four)
Duplication, Deletion, Inversion, Translocation