Chronic Neurological Diseases
A patient has parkinson's disease, exhibiting bradykinesia. The nurse knows common medications to treat this disease are?
Cholinesterase inhibitors: Neostigmine, Physostigmine, Edrophonium, Donepezil
Client education regarding muscle relaxants should include what when discontinuing the medication?
Do not stop abruptly - could cause withdrawal
NSAID complications include
GI discomfort, damage to gastric mucosa, risk in elderly/smokers/PUD/ETOH use
What are the common uses for Echinacea?
Stimulate immune system, decrease inflammation, viruses, increase T lymphocytes/tumor necrosis/interferon production, topically heals wounds/burns
Antiviral nursing actions include:
Administer slowly, ensure adequate hydration, monitor CBC/platelets, WBC/neutrophils
What are common adverse effects of anticholinergic medications?
N/V, dry mouth, blurred vision, dilated pupils, urinary retention, constipation, sedation, drowsiness
How does a patient know a muscle relaxant is working effectively?
Relief of muscle spasms/spasticity
Acetaminophen Nursing Actions and client education includes
Do not exceed 4G/day, be aware of OTC drugs that contain acetaminophen, adverse effects are rare at therapeutic dosages
What are the common uses for St John's Wort?
Treats depression, oral analgesic, topically for infections
Take with meals, urine may turn dark, avoid alcohol, complete entire abx course
The following are concerning adverse effects of lamotrigine?
Suicide, aseptic meningitis, stevens-johnson syndrome
What is the client education for muscle relaxant use?
Pregnancy/Lactation safety not established, concurrent use of CNS depressants, don't stop abruptly
Acetaminophen complications include:
Nausea, vomiting, abdominal distress, diarrhea, sweating, liver damage
What are the nursing actions regarding Feverfew?
Review for NSAID/heparin/warfarin use due to increased risk of bleeding
Antiretroviral: Protease inhibitors nursing actions include:
Client education regarding hydantoins should include
Maintain good oral hygiene, consume calcium and vitamin D, avoid alcohol
What medication acts in the CNS on GABA receptors in spinal cord and brain producing sedative effects and muscle relaxation?
Diazepam
For what medications do you need to notify charge nurse and hold medication if respiratory rate is less than 12?
Opioid Agonists: morphine, fentanyl, meperidine, codeine, hydromorphone, etc
Which herbal supplement decreases effectiveness of oral contraceptives, cyclosporine, warfarin, digoxin, calcium channel blockers, steroids, HIV protease inhibitors, and anticancer medications?
St. Johns Wort
The nurse knows if a patient has a known allergy to PCN and is prescribed a cephalosporin, he/she should
Request a different medication due to allergy hx
What rash is a possible adverse effect of oxcarbazepine?
SJS/Toxic epidermal necrolysis
Neostigmine
Naloxone
This herbal remedy is known for improving memory?
Ginkgo biloba
What are known complications associated with sulfonamides and trimethoprim?
Hypersensitivity, blood dyscrasias, crystalluria, kernicterus, hyperkalemia, photosensitivity