ABG Interpretation
pH - 7.50
paCO2 - 30
HCO3 - 24
Respiratory Alkalosis
Name some causes of Respiratory Acidosis
D - rugs (Opioids/Sedatives)
E- dema (Fluid in Lungs)
P-neumonia
R- espiratory Center of brain is damaged
E-mboli (PE)
S-ac elasticity damage (COPD)
S-
Name 2 functions of a PICC line
Draw blood
Administer medications or fluids
What blood type is the universal donor and what type is the universal recipient?
Universal Donor - O-
Universal Recipient - AB+
What drug is given to reverse the effects of opioid OD?
- Nalaxone/Narcan
pH - 7.48
paCO2 - 40
HCO3 - 30
Metabolic Alkalosis
S/S of Metabolic Acidosis
- Kussmaul Respirations
- N/V/D
-Weakness
-Hypotension
-Decreased LOC
When removing the catheter, the nurse should:
a. Quickly remove with a strong, firm pull
b. Slowly withdraw while the patient slowly inhales
c. Apply very strong manual pressure over the removal site
d. Slowly withdraw while the patient performs the Valsalva maneuver
d. Slowly withdraw while the patient performs the Valsalva maneuver
Patient should be in Trendelenburg position
What needs to be assessed before administration of blood products?
- Patient Understanding (Consent)
- IV Patency
- Vital Signs
What are some alternative therapies for pain?
- Distraction
- Hot/Ice Packs
- PT/OT
- Repositioning
pH - 7.45
paCO2 - 36
HCO3 - 24
Normal
Name some causes of Metabolic Alkalosis
H - ypokalemia
A - ntacids (too many)
N - asogastric Suctioning
D - iuretics (furosemide, bumetadine)
E - xcessive Vomiting
How often should central line dressing changes (transparent occlusive type) be performed?
a. Every other day
b. Every 4 days
c. Every 7 days, or PRN if it becomes loose, damp or soiled.
c. Every 7 days, or PRN if it becomes loose, damp or soiled.
DAILY DOUBLE
What is the maximum amount of time that blood must be hung after being picked up from the blood bank?
How long can that blood hang for?
30 minutes
4 hours
What type of drug is typically given to sickle cell patients to help with pain?
- Opiods
pH -7.20
paCO2 - 49
HCO3 - 26
Respiratory Acidosis
A patient who is hyperventilating would be at risk for which acid/base imbalance?
Respiratory Alkalosis
When flushing an adult PICC line, the minimum volume of the syringe must be:
a. 1mL
b. 3mL
c. 10mL
d. 30mL
c. 10mL
S/S of a transfusion reaction may include fever or chills, flank pain, vital sign changes, nausea, headache, urticaria, dyspnea, or bronchospasm
Define half life when relating to medication
Estimate of how fast the drug leaves the body; time for the amount of drug in the body to be reduced by 50%.
pH - 7.52
paCO2 - 40
HCO3 - 30
Metabolic Alkalosis
S/S of Respiratory Alkalosis
- Tachypnea/Tachycardia/Tetany
- Muscle Cramping
- Confused/Tired
- EKG Changes
- + Chvostek Sign
PICC lines are suitable for which of the following?
a. Chemotherapy
b. Long term antibiotic administration
c. TPN
d. All of the above
d. All of the above
What type of tubing is required to administer blood and what solution is hung with?
Filtered tubing
Normal saline
Name 4 categories of pain related to location
Localized, Projected, Referred, and Radiating