Infectious Fun
labs for infectious processes at work
elevated WBC (normal range 5,000-10,000/mm3)
Nursing interventions for pressure ulcers
turn/change position every 2 hours, foam dressing over bony joints (preventions), keep dry and moisturize dry skin
test to diagnose allergic reactions (on the skin)
Patch test
Bonus: if patient suspects allergic dermatitis, what should they try eliminating to see if it improves?
fabric softeners, trialing different laundry detergent and skin products, look at diet (elimination diet?)
Nursing interventions when you assess a wound is red, warm, swollen, and painful to touch
document findings and notify provider, obtain orders for a wound culture and collect culture prior to starting antibiotic treatment
priority when treating infections or unknown skin conditions
work with interdisciplinary team to determine underlying cause (ie. viral, bacterial, fungal infections, etc)
HIV-positive mom, risk of passing it to baby
If viral load is DETECTABLE= possible chance of passing it to baby
If viral load is UNDETECTABLE= no chance of passing it to the baby
ART therapy is not teratogenic
Undetectable=untransmissionable
Nursing interventions for a twisted ankle
rest, ice, elevate on pillows (for example), compression dressing (remember RICE!!)
Nursing interventions/pt edu for decreasing itchy skin with dermatitis
symptoms of a systemic infection
chills, shaking, elevated body temperature, malaise, muscle weakness
types of infections elderly patients are at increased risk for
UTI, pneumonia, skin
most important assessment piece PRIOR to starting ART
patient's ability to comply with regiment (they can NOT skip doses and MUST take it as prescribed for treatment to be successful)
best way to prevent transmission of germs and preventing HAI's
wash hands prior to/in between seeing patients, using PPE when indicated, use aseptic technique during indicated procedures
a patient recently started on a new antibiotic for an infection suddenly developed a flad red popular rash to the neck and shoulder. what side effect is the patient demonstrating?
Steven-Johnsons syndrome
Bonus- What is the difference between SJS and TENS?
What should be done in regards to the antibiotic therapy?
risk factors for infection
advanced age, unvaccinated, chronic illness, more then one comorbidity (i.e. diabetes, etc), traveling recently
What to do when changing a dressing of a deep wound?
Give pain meds 30-60 minutes before starting, use a wet to dry dressing, saturate old dressing in sterile saline 10-15 minutes prior to removing (so it removes easily and doesn't pull up healing tissue
Complications of HIV/AIDS
Kaposi Sarcoma
Wasting syndrome
Candida (Thrush)
Oral hairy leukoplakia
full thickness skin loss, (not partial or exposed bone/tendon)
Bonus: describe the other stages of pressure ulcers
sun protection instruction
wear light protective clothing (long sleeves, hat, etc), apply sunscreen regularly, avoid direct sun between high UV hours (10am-2pm)
Patient eduction for antibiotic therapy
take antibiotics recommended length of time- do not stop taking doses prematurely if pain resolves.
nursing interventions/pt edu for covid 19 vaccine
cold compresses to the site to promote comfort, rest, light activity and mobility, pain should relieve in a few days (notify provider if it still hurts after a few days).
Lab work goals for patient receiving treatment for HIV/AIDS
CD4+ T cell count above 500 and Viral load undetectable
what is it called when the patient's abdominal wound opens back up (stitches come undone)?
dehiscence
Bonus: what should the nurse do? notify provider immediately
Patient education for corticosteroid cream to psoriasis scales
wear gloves when applying, apply thin layer to intact skin, frequency as prescribed, incorporate med holidays, and avoid applying cream to skin folds. apply occlusive dressing after application
symptoms for localized inflammation
redness, pain, edema
Barriers for compliance with ART for HIV
SE (fatigue, nausea, etc), complying with regiment and not skipping doses, expense