Violence
what are the health effects of violence?
• Immediate/Acute Physical Effects (e.g.,
lacerations, bruises)
• Stress from all types of abuse
• Low self esteem
• Chronic health effects
What is addiction?
Complex issue: Affects physical and
psychosocial factors related to health
What is meant by an incapacitated adult?
An incapacitated adult is anyone 18 years old or
older who:
• Unable to receive and evaluate information
• Unable to make or communicate decisions, even
with supportive services, technological assistance
or supported decision making.
What does the term Social Determinants of Health mean?
Structural conditions that impact health outcomes of
individuals and populations
Shaped by political systems, resources, and value
systems
Unequal distribution of money, power, and resources
produce health inequalities; AVOIDABLE differences
in health status AND they are more important than
preventing disease than , biological mechanism
(Deatrick, 2017, p. 423)
What is Ghrelin?
Hormone that stimulates appetite. Lack of sleep,
causes blood levels to rise.
What are the statistics for intimate partner violence (IPV) in men and women?
1 in 4 women & 1 in 10 men experience sexual violence, physical
violence, &/or stalking, & IPV compact (e.g., PTSD)
BONUS: 1 in 2 female & 1 in 13 male murder victims are killed by intimate
partners
What is the definition of abuse?
Daily use needed to function, inability to stop, impaired social and occupational functioning, recurrent use when it is physically hazardous, substance-related legal problems
What is meant by a dependent adult?
Has a physical or mental condition that substantially impairs their
ability to adequately provide for their daily needs. This includes:
• A resident of a nursing home or an assisted living facility
• A person who receives services because of a disability, including
a developmental disability or a brain injury
• A person who is wholly or partially dependent upon another
person for care or support due to significant limitations in
mobility, vision, hearing, or emotional or mental functioning
True or false, where you live can affect your health and life expectancy.
True
What is Leptin?
Hormone produced by adipose cells; inhibits hunger.
Lack of sleep, causes blood levels of leptin to drop.
what are the risk factors for child abuse?
- Children younger than 4 years of age
• Children with Special Needs
• Parents’ lack of understanding of children’s needs, child development and parenting skills
• Parental history of child abuse and or neglect
• Substance abuse and/or mental health issues
• Nonbiological, transient caregivers in the home (e.g., mother’s male partner)
• Social isolation
• Family disorganization, dissolution, and violence, including intimate partner violence
• Parenting stress, poor parent-child relationships, and negative interactions
• Community violence
• Concentrated neighborhood disadvantage (e.g., high poverty and residential instability,
- high unemployment rates, and high density of alcohol outlets), and poor social connections.
2019: 27.5% of high school students reported vaping
2020: 19.6% of high school students reported vaping
True or false, to report child/adult abuse/neglect you must have evidence.
False, you are required to report even if you only SUSPECT child/adult abuse/neglect.
What are 3 social determinants of health that are taken into consideration in Maine?
Employment
Poverty
Broadband
What are the three tools for obtaining info about dietary intake?
24 hour diet recall, food frequency questionnaire, and food diaries
What are signs of abuse and neglect?
Unexplained burns, bites, bruises, broken bones, or black eyes
• Seems frightened of the parents and protests or cries when it is
time to go home
• Shrinks at the approach of adults
• Abuses animals or pets
• Injuries inconsistent with developmental age
• Lacks needed medical or dental care, immunizations, or glasses
• Is consistently dirty and has severe body odor
• Lacks sufficient clothing for the weather
What is EVALI?
E-cigarette or Vaping Associated Lung Injury, caused by chemicals in smoke/vaping liquid, such as cannabis derivatives with Vitamin E Acetate
False, the mandated reporter must give DHHS/APS their contact info but can request that their identity is kept confidential from the family
how is poverty defined?
National poverty level in 2021
$12,880 single person ($6.19/hour)
$24,500 Family of 4 ($11.78/hour)
As a point of reference:
$15/hour = $31,200
What waist circumferences in men and women, respectively, increase risk for type 2 DM, HTN, CVD, and dyslipidemia?
in men >40 in, in women >35
What is mandated reporting?
Federal and state laws require specific individuals to report actual
or suspected abuse to a legal or governmental agency
The intentions of MR laws are to protect vulnerable populations who
may otherwise be unable to protect themselves and to respond to
violence that often occurs in the private sphere (Lippy et al., 2020, p. 255)
What are the health consequences of smoking/vaping?
- Increased rates of use of other substances (marijuana, opioids, and
alcohol)
- Six-fold increase in alcohol use and binge drinking in adolescents
- Long terms effects on the developing brain such as negative impacts on
learning, memory, attention, and impulse control - No evidence that e-cigarettes are effective as a smoking reduction or
cessation tool
- Chemicals in vaping liquids damages lungs; EC-or vaping-associated acute
lung injury (EVALI)
- Cannabis derivatives with Vitamin E acetate
(Baker et al., 2022; Becker & Rice, 2022; Chadi et al., 2019).
True or false, if you suspect domestic violence you must report it.
False. There are no laws requiring reporting domestic violence, unless there is a child involved/in danger
What are the national levels of food insecurity and obesity?
Food insecurity: 11.7%
Obesity: 40% adults >20 years old
urban gun violence can be predicted by what?
food insecurity