Diabetes/Immobility
The main acute complications of a fracture/cast?
What are fat embolus and ischemia?
Less acute complications---pneumonia (atelectasis), skin breakdown, thrombi, constipation, loss of independence....
Bounding pulse, hypertension, S3 heart sound
What are signs of FVE?
A nurse is caring for a patient who has heart failure and reports increased shortness of breath. The action will take this action first.
a. weigh pt d. check O2 sat
b. assist to high-fowlers
c. auscultate breath sounds
What is assist pt to sit in high-fowlers?
It's what kind of medication is in a "resuce inhaler."
What is a short-acting bronchodilator?
Why? What other kinds (2) of brochodilators do we know about? What are they used for? We also use short-acting bd for????
The two reasons that we don't harp on our family members to eat at the end of life.
What are nutrients are not absorbed well and meal time should be a pleasant, social time?
The functions of insulin
What are metabolize glucose, stimulate storage of glucose, signals liver to stop the release of glucose?
Along with what other hormone?
How does FVE alter the results of cerain laboratory tests such as hematocrit and sodium level
What is dilutes the concentration?
Patient education for heart failure
What are:
breathing techniques, med teaching, when to call provider, low-sodium diet, restrict fluids, weigh daily at same time, report swelling, SOB
(weight gain parameters for concern ?)
When giving multiple respiratory inhaled medications at the same treatment time, we give this one first.
What is a bronchodilator?
Why? What teaching goes along with this and other inhaled medications?
Explanation of euthanasia vs. palliative sedation
What is the proactive choice to end someone's life vs. treatment of symptoms of pain with the risk of decreased respirations?
When is hyperglycemia an emergency?
What is when it is causing acute symptoms such as DKA or HHS?
Definitely concern for long-term complications
Hypoglycemia = emergency?
The respiratory signs of FVE
What are crackles, RR>20, dyspnea, pulmonary edema?
What we mean by heart failure
What is the demand (of the tissues) exceeds the supply?
(Resp failure same)
In addition to administering respiratory medications and steroids, the nurse will aslo include in the teaching plan for COPD these other goals.
What are prevent infections (how?), balance rest and activity, pulmonary hygiene, oxygen therapy?
Left ventricular hypertrophy
What is enlarging of the myocardial wall as a result of increased pressure in the systemic circulation?
Clot prevention methods
What are SCDs, anti-embolism stockings, anticoagulants?
Why hypermagnesemia can lead to respiratory arrest
What is because magnesium is a muscle relaxant and the diaphragm is a muscle?
The goals for treatment of heart failure
What are improving perfusion, reducing symptoms, fewer hospitalizations, slow progression, increased activity tolerance, improved quality of life?
The mechanism involved in cystic fibrosis whereby there is a digestive component as well as a respiratory component.
What is chloride channel ion transport disruption?
What do we do to aid digestion? What is the respiratory impact?
Hypertensive crisis vs hypertensive urgency
What is symptomatic vs. asymptomatic?
Reduce bp 20-25% first hour IV, then 160/100 6 hours, then gradually over days
Asymptomatic- oral agents over 48-72 hours
If a PWD's pump is removed in favor of injections when they are admitted to the hospital, what medication will need to be added to their regimen?
What is a long-acting insulin? (Basal)
Beats, bones, and blood
What are the three Bs associated with the functions of calcium in teh body?
Let's talk about digoxin and potassium
What are they bind to the same receptors, so potassium level influences efficacy/toxicity of digoxin?
Describe an asthma action plan
What is a home plan of care where people have a treatment plan for optimal days as well as parameters and adjustments for moderate and severe impairment?
The stages of pressure injuries
What are 1-4
DPTI-purple
Friction and shear are the forces