Acid-Base Balance
Heidi presents to the emergency department with a respiratory rate of 32, pulse of 124, blood pressure of 146/96. Her VBG is as follows: pH 7.49 HCO3 26 PaCO2 27. What imbalance is present?
Respiratory Alkalosis
Calcium
What is the range of potassium?
3.5-5.0
What electrolyte needs to be closely monitored with usage of furosemide?
Jalen is brought to your ICU with multiple rib fractures and a broken femur. What acid-base balance is most likely?
Metabolic acidosis secondary to blood loss
Respiratory Acidosis
Respiratory Acidosis
A patient is admitted to the ICU for status seizures. The patient has tetany and high blood pressure. What electrolyte imbalance is causing this?
hypomagnesemia
What is the range of Sodium?
136-145
What is the first line medication for osteoarthritis?
Acetaminophen
pH 7.29
PaCO2 42
HCO3 19
What is the imbalance?
Metabolic acidosis
A nurse is caring for a 72-year-old patient admitted with hyponatremia (serum sodium 125 mEq/L) and fluid overload. The patient has a history of heart failure. Which assessment finding would the nurse expect?
A) Weak, thready pulse with severe orthostatic hypotension
B) Bounding pulse with difficulty palpating peripheral pulses due to edema
C) Bradycardia with decreased deep tendon reflexes
D) Tachycardia with hyperactive bowel sounds only
B
Rationale: hyponatremia secondary to fluid overload causes edema and bounding pulse. A weak thready pulse would be seen in a patient with hypovolemic hyponatremia
What is the range of Calcium?
9.0-10.5
What type of fluid is used for severe hypokalemia?
Hypertonics
You are assessing a patient admitted to your medical surgical observation unit for osteomyelitis. As you are rounding you find him unresponsive in bed. He is breathing 8 times per minute. What type of inbalance do you suspect?
Respiratory Acidosis
Victoria Glass is admitted to the hospital for anemia requiring several blood transfusions. She complains of a pins and needles sensation in her legs. What is the imbalance?
hypocalcemia
What is the range of magnesium?
1.3-2.1
Why is hyaluronic acid used in osteoarthritis
provide lubrication to the joint
John Doe was brought into the emergency room unresponsive by himself. His respirations are 43/min. His breath has a sweet odor to it. What imbalance is likely?
Metabolic Acidosis
Ricardo is given sodium polystyrene sulfonate in the ICU. what imbalance is present?
hyperkalemia
What is the range of pH, HCO3, and PaCO2?
pH 7.35-7.45
HCO3 21-28
PaCO2 35-45
What of the following non-opioid pain medication has no effect on platelet aggregation?
fentanyl
acetaminophen
aspirin
Advil
acetaminophen