This phenomenon, caused by a thinning of the dermis and increased vascular fragility, results in purple macules after minor trauma.
What is senile purpura?
This term refers to the feeling of being "caught in the middle" of competing demands between an aging parent and a spouse or child.
What is intergenerational conflict (or role strain)?
A pressure injury characterized by "non-blanchable erythema" of intact skin is classified as this stage.
What is Stage 1?
To prevent xerosis (dry skin) in older adults, nurses should recommend this intervention instead of daily hot baths with soap.
What is using lukewarm water and applying emollients (moisturizers) while the skin is still damp?
Order: Digoxin 0.125 mg PO daily. Available: 0.25 mg tablets. The nurse will administer this many tablets.
What is 0.5 tablet?

Unlike benign spots, this precancerous lesion feels like "sandpaper" and is a direct precursor to squamous cell carcinoma.
What is actinic keratosis?
This family role often absorbs the most stress by acting as the primary mediator or "peacekeeper" during healthcare crises.
Who is the Harmonizer?
If a wound bed is completely covered by slough or eschar, the nurse must document the pressure injury as this.
What is unstageable?
When a family caregiver shows signs of exhaustion, the nurse's priority intervention is to facilitate this type of temporary care.
What is respite care?
Order: Furosemide (Lasix) 40 mg PO. Available: 80 mg tablets. The nurse will administer this many tablets.
What is 0.5 tablet?

This specific age-related change in the subcutaneous layer compromises both thermoregulation and mechanical protection.
What is the atrophy (or thinning) of subcutaneous fat?
According to Yeager, this is the most significant predictor of whether a family will successfully manage the stress of caregiving.
What is the pre-existing quality of the relationship (or family history)?
This "age-related" hair change is actually caused by the depletion of these specific cells in the hair follicle.
What are melanocytes?
To reduce the risk of pressure injuries in immobile patients, nurses should implement a repositioning schedule at least this often.
What is every 2 hours (or more frequently, based on individual risk)?
Order: Potassium Chloride 30 mEq PO. Available: Liquid 20 mEq/15 mL. The nurse will administer this many mLs.
What is 22.5 mLs?

A reduction in these cells, which reside in the epidermis, leads to a diminished immune response and increased skin sensitivity in older adults.
What are Langerhans cells?
This intervention involves a nurse facilitating a meeting to help a family move from "crisis-driven" decisions to "proactive" planning.
What is Family Mapping (or a Family Conference)?
This stage of pressure injury involves full-thickness tissue loss where subcutaneous fat may be visible, but bone, tendon, or muscle are not exposed.
What is Stage 3?
In cases of suspected elder abuse, the nurse’s primary legal and ethical intervention is to do this.
What is report the findings to the appropriate state authorities (e.g., Adult Protective Services)?
Order: Acetaminophen 1 g PR q6h. Available: 325 mg suppositories. The nurse will administer this many suppositories.
What is 3 suppositories? (Judgement: call provider for another route or medication.)

This term describes the impaired ability of aging skin to heal due to a 50% reduction in the rate of cell replacement in this specific skin layer.
What is the stratum basale (or the epidermis)?
This specific form of elder abuse is often the hardest to detect because it involves a family member slowly assuming control of assets without physical harm.
What is financial exploitation?
This theory of aging suggests that skin wrinkles occur because of the "stiffening" of proteins due to chemical reactions over time.
What is the Cross-Linking Theory?
This specific nursing intervention involves creating a visual representation of family relationships and health history to identify support patterns.
What is developing a genogram (or family map)?
Order: Heparin 7,500 units Sub-Q. Available: 5,000 units/mL. The nurse will administer this many mLs.
What is 1.5 mLs?
