Newborn Assessment
Why is providing warmth important to NB?
Hypothermia can cause hypoglycemia.
What is physiologic jaundice and other names?
Rapid destruction of RBC's; Icterus neonatorum, hyperbilirubinemia
What gestational age is considered Pre-term?
<37 weeks
What are some causes of pre-term birth?
Multiple fetus, maternal illness, placental abnormalities, hazards of pregnancy
What is NEC?
Necrotizing Enterocolitis
What are 2 reasons that newborns can't regulate their own heat?
Less subcutaneous fat, no shivering ability
Name 3 common skin problems of newborns and their descriptions
Epsteins Pearls
Erythema Toxicum
Milia
Slate Gray Nevi
Port Wine Stains
What gestational age is considered term?
39 weeks to 40+6
What are 2 placenta abnormalities we have previously learned about?
Placenta Previa
Placental Abruption
What are some problems associated with post-term delivery?
Meconium aspiration, hypoglycemia, shoulder dystocia
What are 4 ways infants lose heat and examples of each?
Conduction, convection, evaporation, radiation
What are 2 contraindications for performing a circumcision?
Hypospadius, Epispadius
What gestational age is considered post-term?
>42 weeks
What are some other risk factors for PT birth?
Poverty, smoking, alcohol abuse, cocaine
What are some physical characteristics of post-term NB?
Dry cracked skin, long fingernails,
What is lanugo?
Fine hair, more evident in PT infants (peach fuzz on shoulders, face, upper back)
What are risk factors of circumcision?
Infection
Bleeding (If parents refuse Vitamin K at birth providers won't perform circumcision)
What are terms {3} to describe infant size based on gestational age and weight?
What is sepsis?
Bacterial, fungal or viral infection that spreads throughout the bloodstream.
Why would post-term NB appear to have lost weight?
Due to placental insufficiency (loss of nutrition and oxygenation)
What is vernix?
"Cheesy" protective coating
When we do discharge teaching, what are important things to educate parents on when to contact provider?
Temp >100.4
Refusal of 2 consecutive feedings
2 green, watery stools
frequent or forceful vomiting
lack of voids/stools
Define AGA, SGA, LGA
AGA: Gestational age & birth weight 10-90%
SGA: Gestational age & birth weight <10%
LGA: Gestational age & birth weight >90%
What are some signs/symptoms of sepsis?
Temperature instability,lethargy, grunting or apnea, poor feeding, respiratory distress
Why are post-term NB's more at risk for macrosomia and what does that term mean?
Larger body size due to extended time of growth in utero. Macrosomia = larger than average size