Miscellaneous
Pharmacology
Autoimmune
Infectious Processes
HIV/AIDS
100

Describe what a "shift to the left" in a CBC means?

Increased bands (immature neutrophils) as the body responds to an infection.

100

What dietary restrictions are necessary for a client who is prescribed cyclosporine?

No grapefruit juice!

100

Guillain-Barre Syndrome is usually prompted by a ____________

Viral infection

100

Identify the MOST important measure the nurse should take to prevent infection transmission.

HANDWASHING!

100

The HIV virus can be transmitted during all of the following EXCEPT:

A. Unprotected intercourse

B. Sharing needles with someone infected with HIV

C. Casual contact with someone infected with HIV

D. In utero from mom to baby during delivery

C

200

Identify 3 iron-rich foods for a client experiencing iron-deficiency anemia.

Red meat

Beans

Leafy green vegetables

(Avoid dairy products due to the interaction with ferrous sulfate supplements).

200

Interferon is used to treat what diagnosis? What side effects are common with this medication?

MS

Flu-like symptoms

200

Identify how the nurse would assess the effectiveness of levothyroxine.

Monitor T3 and T4 levels - should increase

Monitor TSH levels - should decrease

Patient should show improvement in hypothyroid symptoms (hair loss, fatigue, weight gain).

200

Identify the appropriate vancomycin trough level.

5-15 mcg/mL

200

What are the initial symptoms of an HIV infection?

Flu-like symptoms and night sweats

300

Identify 3 clinical manifestations of atopic dermatitis.

Dry skin

Pruritis

Redness

Thickened skin (lichenification)

300

Identify side effects and patient education related to the use of methotrexate.

Bone marrow suppression, risk of infection, liver and kidney damage.

Takes 3-6 weeks to work (corticosteroids as a bridge), avoid alcohol, interact with NSAIDs, DC 3 months before pregnancy. Avoid crowds, avoid contact with anyone who is sick.

300

What can exacerbate lupus?

Sunlight (11am-3pm), pregnancy, infection, stress

300
Identify risk factors for C diff.

Not washing hands or using alcohol-based hand sanitizer instead of soap and water, living in a SNF, medications that affect gastric pH, antibiotic usage

300

Identify the diagnostic criteria for AIDS.

CD4 count < 200 or an opportunistic infection such as M. tuberculosis or esophageal candidiasis.
400

Describe manifestations of a hemolytic transfusion reaction. Identify nursing interventions.

Tachycardia, HA, back pain, hemoglobinuria

Stop the infusion. Don't flush the IV. Notify the provider. Send the blood and tubing back to the blood bank. Collect the next patient void. Start infusing NS in a different IV. 

400

Identify side effects of NSAIDs (naproxen).

Peptic ulcer, indigestion, GI bleed.
400

You are caring for a client with MS who is prescribed IV methylprednisolone 160mg. You have available methylprednisolone 1gm/250mL. How many mL should you administer?

40mL

400

Identify the appropriate type of precautions/isolation for the following disease processes:

TB

MRSA

Influenza

Client 2 days p/o stem cell transplant

Airborne

Contact

Droplet

Reverse

400

What should you do if you experience a needlestick while at work?

Wash the area with soap and water vigorously!

Call Employee Health / go to the ER.

The patient will be tested for infectious diseases (with their consent).

Start PEP within 72 hours.

Complete continued monitoring for HIV infection.

500

Identify 3 live-attenuated vaccinations and explain contraindications and patient education related to these types of vaccines.

MMR, varicella, smallpox, nasal influenza.

NO immunosuppressed patients. Shouldn't even be around anyone who has received this type of vaccine.

500

What stipulations must be met in order for a client to continue to be prescribed PrEP?

•Must be HIV negative

•Must not miss any doses

•Must still use a condom

•Check HIV status q3mos

500

Describe clinical manifestations of myasthenia gravis. Identify 3 nursing interventions for this disease.

Weakness of voluntary muscles that worsens with continued activity.

Eat large meals in the morning.

Risk of falls

Aspiration risk

Mechanical ventilation required in myasthenic crisis.

500
Describe the diagnostic criteria for sepsis.


Outline the steps in the Sepsis Bundle.

Temp > 38.5, Lactate, WBC high or low, CRP/ESR, hypotension, tachycardia, tachypnea

Lactate, blood cultures, broad-spectrum antibiotics, 30mL/kg NS bolus, vasopressors if needed to maintain MAP >65mmHg.

500

DAILY DOUBLE: WAGER IN MULTIPLES OF 500

Identify signs and symptoms related to rejection in a client s/p kidney transplant. Must name 5 to get the points!

HTN

Pain at the incision site

Elevated BUN/Cr

Edema

Decreased UOP



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