Brain Farts
This is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system
What is glutamate
This is the "N" in TNM cancer staging
What is node
This is a type of shock that involves increased capillary permeability
What is anaphylactic shock
What is septic shock
(NOT cardiogenic, neurogenic, or hypovolemic)
In multiple sclerosis, this is attacked by the immune system
What is the myelin sheath
For patients on alendronate (Fosamax), patients must be educated to do what after taking the medication
Stay upright at least 30 minutes
90-120 is normal range for this
What is GFR (glomerular Filtration rate)?
This is the primary Zeitgeber for circadian rhythm
What is light?
This ion is responsible for repolarizing the axonal membrane during an action potential
What is potassium
p53 and RB are both examples of this type of gene
What is tumor suppressor gene
In septic shock, this is the most common class of causative organism
What is gram-negative bacilli
A patient has a seizure that starts as rigid contraction of all muscles, followed by rhythmic contracting and relaxing of muscles. This would describe which type of seizures
What is tonic-clonic
When a patient stops taking high-dose steroids for longer than a few days, this strategy must be employed
What is tapering
This is the name for progressive loss of renal function
What is Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD)?
When someone is suffering from insomnia, this should be the first intervention
Sleep hygiene
Parkinsons disease results from degeneration of neurons that create this neurotransmitter
What is dopamine
A patient is receiving chemotherapy. You would tell them that they are most susceptible to contracting infection at what time point after chemotherapy administration
What is 10-14 days (nadir)
This lab value, a measure of anaerobic metabolism, is used to diagnose sepsis as well as to determine the extent of the disease and the effectiveness of treatment
What is lactate
Remember > 2 mmol/L is HIGH
This is the single biggest modifiable risk factor for stroke
Hypertension
Patients taking this class of antidepressants must avoid foods high in tyramine, such as aged cheese and cured meats, due to the risk of hypertensive crisis
What are MAOIs
This is acute kidney injury (AKI) due to hypoperfusion
What is Prerenal AKI?
This is the most prevalent sleep disorder
What is OSA (obstructive sleep apnea)?
A patient with atrial fibrillation forms a clot in their heart, which then travels to the brain and becomes lodged in the left middle cerebral artery. This would be diagnosed as which type of stroke
Ischemic -> Embolic
A patient would be considered thrombocytopenic if platelets fall below this number
What is 150,000/mL
This is the first vital sign to change in septic shock
What is respirations
Carbidopa blocks this, making L-dopa more effective
Peripheral decarboxylases
This is the only type of organ rejection that can be treated
Acute rejection
Which glomerular disease is due to immune/inflammatory damage
What is NephrItic Syndrome?
In sleep, this is stage 3, and considered the most restful
What is N3?
A patient with a mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) of 86 and an intracranial pressure reading (ICP) of 18 has this cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP)
What is 68
These are the lab changes that can occur in tumor lysis syndrome
Increased uric acid
Increased potassium
Increased phosphate
Decreased calcium
(PUKE Calcium - Phos, Uric acid, K Elevated; calcium decreased)
In patients experiencing septic shock, starting this treatment as quickly as possible is crucial to saving lives
Antibiotics and fluids
This is the cause of excitotoxicity
Excess of excitatory amino acids, especially glutamate, aspartate
Patients may develop elevated PRA levels due to these three common causes
What is pregnancy, blood transfusion, organ transplantation
This is the most common composition of kidney stones
What is calcium
This is the world's most popular drug
What is Caffeine?