People
This midwife was Director of the Catholic Maternity Institute and Chair of the Committee that founded the ACNM
Sister M. Theophane Shomaker
This U.S. Congressperson provided funds to establish a school of nursing and advocated for funds to support the Frontier Nursing Service
Frances Payne Bolton
In this year the certification exam for nurse-midwives was introduced
1971
The ACNM was incorporated in this state because it was one of the few states in which indigenous and nurse-midwives were practicing, and incorporation was straightforward
New Mexico
Name the first school of midwifery in the U.S.
Manhattan Midwifery School
This person established the Frontier Midwifery Service in Kentucky
Mary Breckinridge
This local CNM, certified in 184 and still practicing, was director of the FPB education program for 17 years
Gretchen Mettler
This demonstration project from 1960-1963 provided clear evidence that midwifery care improved outcomes, decreasing prematurity from 11% to 6.4% and neonatal mortality from 24/1000 to 10.3/1000. When the project ended, outcomes returned to baseline
Madera County California Project
This is the current ACNM president
Heather Clarke
In this year, the first education program for CMs was established
1996
This midwife retired in 2010 from Harlem hospital after serving women of the community for 30 yrs. She is a midwifery pioneer who specialized in care for women with chemical dependencies and HIV infection. She served for 10 yrs. as the chair of the ACNM Midwives of Color Committee, was inducted as a fellow in ACNM in 2017, and has mentored many.
Patricia Loftman
This midwife served 2 terms as ACNM president, was director of multiple education programs, and authored the first U.S. midwifery text in 1980
Helen Varney Burst
In the early 20th century, physicians, nurses, social reformers, and public health officials declared that this was responsible for high maternal and infant mortality
Unregulated midwives
There are this many regions in ACNM
7
Name these 2 "first generation" midwifery schools that opened in the 1930s
Lobenstine school (became Maternity Center Association School) and Frontier Graduate School of Midwifery
This midwife of color was among the first, in 1981, to call attention to the lack of diversity in the midwifery workforce. She was the director of the Maternity-Infant Care project in Brooklyn, NY 1972-1979
Betty Watts Carrington
The ACNM Lifetime Visionary Award was created to honor this midwifery visionary who was the first president of the ACNM
Hattie Hemschemeyer
In this decade, primary care was added to the curriculum of midwifery education programs
1990s
Beginning in 1990, this independent organization was created to certify and recertify CNMs and CMs taking this authority from ACNM
AMCB (American Midwifery Certification Board)
The first nurse-midwifery class graduated from FPB in this year
1985
This midwife, who died in 2021, was a midwifery pioneer and ACNM president from 1961-1963. She wrote, taught, and consulted well into her 90s
Kitty Ernst
This midwife was president of both the ACNM and the ACNM Foundation and established recognition for those midwives who have been continuously certified for 30 yrs
Dorothea Lang
This early midwifery organization founded by the Frontier midwives excluded midwives of color
American Association of Nurse-Midwives
In 1982, this independent organization was created to accredit midwifery education programs
ACME (Accreditation Commission for Midwifery Education)
Opened in 1941, this education program was a joint project of health depts, private and federal funding sources, and a university. Designed to educate black public health nurses as midwives to decrease maternal and infant mortality in the black communities of the south
Tuskegee Institute Midwifery Program