Inhaled Anesthetics
This ratio compares alveolar to inspired concentration and helps predict anesthetic onset.
What is Fa/Fi?
This is the only depolarizing neuromuscular blocker used in clinical practice.
What is succinylcholine?
This medullary center is considered the classical pacemaker for respiration.
What is the Dorsal Respiratory Group?
This spinal region serves as the relay center for nociception.
What is the dorsal horn?
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Who is Taylor Swift?
The anesthetic with the fastest Fa/Fi rise due to low blood:gas solubility is this one.
What is nitrous oxide?
Neostigmine is often paired with this anticholinergic to reduce muscarinic side effects.
What is glycopyrrolate?
This beta-2 adrenergic agonist is commonly used as a short-acting rescue inhaler in asthma.
What is albuterol?
This structure is the central hub for descending pain modulation in the midbrain.
What is the periaqueductal gray (PAG)?
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What is Squid Game?
This effect occurs when rapid N₂O uptake increases alveolar concentration of a second gas.
What is the second gas effect?
This electrolyte imbalance can occur within 10–15 minutes of succinylcholine administration.
What is hyperkalemia?
This long-acting muscarinic antagonist is used for COPD maintenance therapy and is a quaternary amine.
What is tiotropium (Spiriva)?
Activation of opioid receptors leads to decreased cAMP via inhibition of this enzyme.
What is adenylyl cyclase?
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What is Stranger Things?
The “rule of 2s” refers to the percentage of metabolism for this commonly used volatile anesthetic.
What is sevoflurane (2%)?
Nondepolarizing NMBs act by competitively antagonizing this receptor.
What is the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR)?
This class of drugs inhibits phospholipase A2 and is often used for asthma exacerbations.
What are corticosteroids?
This dangerous side effect of rapid IV opioid administration can impair ventilation.
What is chest wall rigidity?
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Who is Tom Holland?
SNS stimulation by airway irritation from this anesthetic leads to increased heart rate.
What is desflurane (or isoflurane)?
Potency and speed of onset in NMBs are related in this way.
What is inversely related?
This leukotriene receptor antagonist is taken orally for long-term asthma control.
What is montelukast (Singulair)?
This new drug is a selective Nav1.8 inhibitor for non-opioid pain relief.
What is suzetrigine (Journavx)?
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What is Gangnam Style?
This opioid is associated with serotonin syndrome when combined with SSRIs.
What is meperidine (Demerol)?
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Who is Dude Perfect?
This drug acts at GABA-B receptors and is used for muscle spasticity and chronic pain.
What is baclofen?
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What is “rizz” or “drip”?
These two brainstem areas send serotonergic and noradrenergic projections to the spinal cord.
What are the RVM and Locus Coeruleus?