Nursing Foundations
This nurse is often called the founder of modern nursing and became famous for her work during the Crimean War.
Florence Nightingale
What aare the Standards of Professional Nursing Practice
The tasks and responsibilities that nurses are expected to be competent in performing.
What is the Joint Commission?
This organization establishes standards that healthcare facilities use to promote quality and patient safety.
This approach considers the client as a whole person rather than focusing only on their disease.
Holistic nursing care
Define Modifiable Risk Factors
Risk factors that can be changed through behavior or lifestyle changes
This common medication is used to reduce pain and fever. The nurse should be especially aware of the risk of toxicity to this organ when excessive amounts are taken.
Acetaminophen (Tylenol) and the liver
This nurse is known as the founder of modern nursing and became famous for improving sanitation and patient care during the Crimean War.
Florence Nightingale
What did Florence Nightingale become famous four improving during the Crimean War?
Sanitation and Patient care
These standards describe competent behavior of registered nurses, including ethical practice and respect for cultural diversity.
An unexpected event involving death, serious physical or psychological injury, or the risk of such injury is called this.
Sentinel/Never event
A nurse remains fully attentive and emotionally present while listening to a client's concerns. What concept is being demonstrated?
Therapeutic presence
Define Nonmodifiable risk factors
Risk factors such as genetics or biological characteristics that cannot be changed
This medication is an anticoagulant used to prevent or treat blood clots. What major adverse effect should the nurse monitor for?
Herparin, Bleeding
This model describes a nurse's progression from a beginner who relies heavily on rules toward an expert who uses experience and clinical judgment.
Benner's Novice to Expert Model?
What is Benner's Novice to Expert Model?
This model describes how nurses progress from beginners who rely heavily on rules toward experts who use experience and clinical judgment.
Name the five steps of the nursing process used by registered nurses
Assessment, analysis, planning, implementation, evaluation.
What are the Social Determinants of Health (SDOH)?
social, economic, and environmental conditions that influence people's health.
These are actions nurses use to demonstrate compassion, concern, respect, and support for clients.
Caring Behaviors
This level of prevention focuses on preventing disease before it occurs.
Primary Prevention
A patient is prescribed furosemide (Lasix). This medication is a loop diuretic. What electrolyte should the nurse closely monitor for possible decreased levels?
Potassium
A nurse asks a client about their preferences, cultural practices, and spiritual beliefs before developing a plan of care. What type of nursing approach is being demonstrated?
Holistic Patient centered care
According to Benner's model, which level is the beginner who has little experience and relies heavily on rules and guidelines?
Novice
These laws and regulations govern nursing practice within each state or U.S. territory.
Nurse Practice Acts
Health inequalities can result from differences in access to resources and these three broad areas.
Social, economic, and environmental factors
This nursing theory focuses on human caring and caring relationships.
Watson's Theory of Human Caring
This level of prevention focuses on early detection of disease.
Secondary Prevention
A patient taking warfarin (Coumadin) requires regular monitoring of which laboratory value?
PT/INR
A nurse works with a physician, pharmacist, physical therapist, and social worker to coordinate a client's care. What type of collaboration is this?
interprofessional collaboration
Name three roles a nurse can have besides providing direct patient care.
Any: educator, researcher, case manager, leader, manager, change agent/change manager, or care provider.
This process protects the public by ensuring that a nurse has met predetermined minimum requirements for safe and competent practice.
Licensure
This organization is another accrediting organization that establishes standards related to healthcare quality.
National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA)
Self-Determination
a core ethical and practical principle where patients hold the right to make voluntary, informed decisions about their own health care and life choices
This level of prevention focuses on reducing complications after a disease or condition has developed.
Tertiary Prevention
A patient receives insulin. What blood glucose complication is the nurse most concerned about monitoring for?
Hypoglycemia
A nurse notices that a client does not understand their discharge instructions. Instead of simply repeating the instructions louder, the nurse changes the teaching approach and checks the client's understanding.
What concept is the nurse addressing?
Health literacy
What is Health Literacy?
A client's knowledge about their health and their ability to use that knowledge to maintain or improve their health.
What is the Nurse Licensure Compact (NLC)
This compact allows qualified nurses to practice in participating states using one multistate license.
HCAHPS and Press Ganey surveys are examples of tools that can be used to evaluate this.
Client/patient satisfaction
A nurse protects a client's wishes, rights, and interests when communicating with the healthcare team. What role is being performed?
Client Advocate
A screening test performed to detect a disease before symptoms develop is an example of this level of prevention.
Secondary
A patient is prescribed metoprolol, a beta blocker. Which assessment is particularly important before administering this medication?
heart rate and Blood pressure
A client tells the nurse, "I don't want this treatment." The client understands the risks and benefits and is capable of making their own healthcare decisions.
What ethical principle should guide the nurse?
Autonomy
Nurses are expected to provide competent and safe care to clients regardless of their personal feelings or beliefs. What professional qualities does this demonstrate?
Integrity, honesty, compassion, and professionalism.
Name four of the six QSEN competencies.
Patient-centered care, teamwork and collaboration, evidence-based practice, quality improvement, safety, and informatics.
This nursing excellence program empowers nurses and increases employee engagement, which can help improve retention.
Magnet Recognition Program
This document establishes ethical expectations and responsibilities for professional nurses.
This U.S. government initiative establishes decade-long objectives to improve public health.
Healthy People
A patient receives morphine for severe pain. Which assessment is the nurse's priority after administration?
Respitory status/rate
A nurse discovers that a patient has a barrier to receiving healthcare because they cannot afford transportation to appointments. What broader conept should the nurse regognize
Social Determinant of Health (SDOH)
Name 4 nursing competencies
Advocacy, communication, collaboration, and change management
What is the difference between certification and credentialing?
Certification demonstrates that a licensed professional has met standards for specialty practice; credentialing verifies an individual's education, training, experience, and abilities to practice.
Working with nurses, physicians, pharmacists, therapists, and other healthcare professionals is known as this type of teamwork.
Interprofessional collaboration
Name two things nurses should assess when providing holistic care.
Client preferences, cultural practices, spirituality, perceptions of illness, or other individual needs.
Name two factors other than genetics that can influence an individual's health and well-being.
Environment, income, literacy, cultural beliefs, family dynamics, or access to healthcare.
A patient is prescribed digoxin. Before administering the medication, the nurse should assess the patient's ________.
Apical pulse/heart rate
A nurse notices that a coworker is repeatedly skipping a required safety step. The coworker says, "I've done this for years, so I don't need to follow that procedure." What should the nurse remember when evaluating this situation
professional standards and patient safety?
A nurse is caring for a client whose cultural beliefs differ significantly from the nurse's own. The nurse personally disagrees with the client's choices but continues to provide respectful, competent care. What nursing principle is being demonstrated?
Providing nonjudgmental, ethical, competent care while respecting the client.
A nurse is asked to perform a procedure that is outside the nurse's legal scope of practice according to the state's Nurse Practice Act. The nurse's supervisor tells them to do it anyway. What should the nurse do?
Recognize that the Nurse Practice Act governs legal nursing practice and not perform the activity outside their scope.
A patient repeatedly misses appointments because they cannot afford transportation to the healthcare facility. Which factor is most directly affecting this patient's health?
A Social Determinant of Health
A client refuses a recommended treatment after receiving an explanation of the risks and benefits. The nurse personally believes the client is making the wrong decision. What should the nurse do?
Respect the client's autonomy and right to make an informed decision.
A nurse teaches a client who smokes about smoking cessation and helps the client identify strategies for changing the behavior. Is this prevention focused primarily on a modifiable or nonmodifiable risk factor?
Modifiable
A client with diabetes receives rapid-acting insulin before a meal. Shortly afterward, the client becomes sweaty, shaky, confused, and weak.
What should the nurse suspect and what should the nurse do?
Suspect hypoglycemia and assess the client's blood glucose and treat according to the hypoglycemia protocol/order.
A nurse enters a client's room and notices that the client is confused. The medication record shows that several new medications were recently started. The client says: "I don't know what any of these medications are for." What should the nurse prioritize first?
Assess the client's current condition and medication history.
A newly licensed nurse realizes they are unfamiliar with a procedure they have been asked to perform. Instead of pretending to know what to do, the nurse seeks guidance and reviews appropriate resources before proceeding. What professional principle is the nurse demonstrating?
Lifelong learning and maintaining competence.
A nurse notices that a colleague repeatedly skips an important safety step during medication administration. The colleague says, "I've been doing this for years, so I know what I'm doing." What should guide the nurse's response?
Professional standards and patient safety (not personal experience alone) should guide nursing practice.
A hospital discovers that a serious patient safety event occurred. The organization begins reviewing its policies and procedures to determine how similar events can be prevented. Which major healthcare concept is being addressed?
Quality and patient safety improvement.
A client tells the nurse, "I don't understand why the doctor wants me to have this procedure." What should the nurse do first?
Provide appropriate information within the nurse's role and help the client understand the situation so they can participate in informed decision-making.
A community nurse organizes a program encouraging healthy behaviors and providing resources so community members can make informed decisions about their health. What major nursing goal is being addressed?
Health promotion and disease prevention.
A client receiving furosemide reports muscle weakness and an irregular heartbeat. The nurse reviews the client's laboratory results and sees that the potassium level is significantly below normal.
What medication-related problem should the nurse recognize?
Hypokalemia related to furosemide therapy. The nurse should promptly assess the client and notify the appropriate healthcare provider according to the clinical situation.
A client is preparing for discharge. The nurse notices that the client:
The nurse wants to provide safe, patient-centered care.
What TWO nursing concepts should the nurse recognize as especially important in this situation?
Health literacy and Social Determinants of Health, while also addressing client autonomy/advocacy and medication safety.