What's that Med?
(Pharmacology)
(Pharmacology)
pulls fluid into the intestine from other tissue and blood vessels, making stool softer and easier to pass
What is an osmotic laxative? (i.e. Milk of Magnesia, polyethylene glycol)
Muscle of the thoracic region that is a high priority in the assessment of a client with Guillain Barre Syndrome (GBS)
What is the diaphragm?
imaging technique that uses strong magnetic fields and radio waves to produce detailed images of the body's internal organs, tissues, and structures without using ionizing radiation; used to identify signs of neural tube defects postnatally
What is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)?
two significant lab values that must be monitored alongside corticosteroid therapy
What are blood glucose level and WBC count?
a vital nursing intervention for musculoskeletal disorders that can increase venous return, prevent stiffness, and maintain muscle strength and endurance
What is Range of Motion (ROM) exercises?
GABA agonist that inhibits neurotransmitter release at the spinal cord level, reducing muscle spasticity
What is a muscle relaxant?
(i.e. Baclofen)
protein that helps stabilize the muscle cell membrane during muscle contraction
What is dystrophin?
small electrodes, either placed on the skin (surface electrodes) or inserted into the muscle with a needle (needle electrodes), detect electrical signals generated by muscle contractions
What is an electromyelogram?
two lab values assessed via CSF analysis and blood serum to rule out a diagnosis of Guillain Barre Syndrome
What is elevated protein in the CSF and normal WBC count?
the reason why nursing assessment of visual changes in the client with multiple sclerosis is essential
What is optic neuritis?
blocks the production of substances (i.e. prostaglandins) that trigger allergic and inflammatory reactions
What is a Corticosteroid? (i.e. prednisone, dexamethasone)
outer layer of bone which is penetrated by a pathogen in osteomyelitis, forming an elevated area d/t pus formation
What is the periosteum?
procedure used to analyze cerebrospinal fluid when ruling out Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS); clients should remain supine for a minimum of 1 hour post-procedure
What is a Lumbar Puncture?
this diagnostic, accompanied by a microbial culture of the sample obtained, is the definitive diagnostic test for osteomyelitis
What is a bone biopsy?
2 major clinical manifestations and nursing assessments of the client with Guillain Barre Syndrome
• Respiratory muscle weakness
• Skeletal muscle weakness (often ascending)***
• Pain
• Autonomic manifestations such as sweating and tachycardia
calms the immune response by telling the body to stop making antibodies that attack the myelin sheath of nerve cells
What is an immunomodulator?
(i.e. Interferon)
damage to the upper motor neurons of this region of the CNS are responsible spastic movements seen in cerebral palsy (CP)
What is the cerebral cortex?
filters blood to remove large molecules such as such as harmful antibodies. Blood is drawn from the patient, plasma is separated and removed, and the remaining blood cells are returned to the body with a replacement fluid, such as saline or albumin or a plasma exchange.
What is plasmapheresis?
provide examples of three major labs indicative of muscle cell damage
What are Creatinine Kinase, Lactate Dehydrogenase, ALT, AST, and Aldolase?
provide at least 3 pieces of education the nurse should provide to the family of a child receiving a baclofen pump for muscle spasticity
Check the incisions daily for redness, drainage, or swelling. Monitor for S/S of infection. Avoid tub baths for at least 2 wks after surgical placement of pump. Child should not sleep prone for at least 4 weeks following pump placement. Discourage twisting at the waist, reaching high overhead, stretching, or bending forward or backward for 4 weeks. When the incisions have healed, normal activity may be resumed.
Wear loose clothing to prevent irritation at the incision site.
Carry implanted device identification and emergency information cards at all times.
Blocks macrophage receptors, inhibits antibody production and complement binding, and neutralizes pathological antibodies to calm the immune response for conditions such as Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS)
What is Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG)?
damage to the S2–S4 spinal cord segments from neural tube defects as are seen with spina bifida causes loss of parasympathetic innervation leading to urinary retention, overactive bladder, or mixed effects
What is neurogenic bladder?
used for individuals with cerebral palsy to support and stabilize the spine, improve posture, and prevent or manage spinal deformities such as scoliosis
What is placement of a thoracic-lumbar spinal orthotic (TLSO) brace?
increases in these two labs help monitor the acute inflammatory response as well as issues with chronic inflammation and trends over time
What are C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR)?
provide at least 3 interventions for the client with confirmed osteomyelitis