Fluid
What is the difference between positive and negative feedback?
Negative: Output is greater than Intake
What are the five types of catheters?
indwelling (foley)
external: condom and pure wick
central venous
straight
What are the characteristics of constipation?
infrequent, hard, dry, and small
What are the 8 types of systemic effects of immobility?
1) Metabolic
2) Cardiovascular
3) muscle effects
4) skeletal effects
5) Urinary elimination
6) integumentary
7) respiratory
8) musculoskeletal changes
what happens during the inflammatory stage of wound healing?
a scab is formed
What type of individual has the most complications withfluid imbalance and why?
Infants, b/c 75% of their body is water.
what effect does alcohol have on urination?
makes urination increase
Name the 4 types of enemas.
- cleansing enema
- oil retention enema
- carminative enema
- kayexalate enema
Describe a joint contracture. Is it reversible?
when joints tense up/ range of motion decreases. See first in elbows/ knees. ROM is the best way to prevent it. Yes, joint contractures are reversible.
what is it called when the wound is purposely left open by the surgeon?
tertiary prevention
Types of fluid intake?
Types of fluid output?
Intake: Oral fluids, food metabolism, IV fluids, Enemas.
Output: Skin, lungs, GI tract, Kidneys
what are the four types of urinary incontinence?
stress
urge
overflow
functional
What position must patients be in in order to receive an enema?
sims position
What are some nursing interventions for immobility for musculoskeletal?
ROM, splits, and physical therapy.
a blood blister is an example of a wound of which stage?
unstageable
Sensible VS Insensible
How often is it measured and it is always a _____ calculation.
Sensible: Can be measured
Insensible: Cannot be measured
what are common urinary elimination problems?
Urinary retention
Urinary stasis
Post void residual
Overflow incontinence
What occurs when there is unreleased bowel movements?
impaction
What is foot drop?
when the patient can't move their foot without moving their whole leg. The foot is permanently fixed in plantar flexion.
what do you do immediately when you experience a patient having evisceration/dehiscence?
1) cover the opening with a soaked saline patch and 2) call the surgeon ASAP
Always convert liquids to __
30__ = __ Oz
Ice chips count for __
mL
mL = 1
Half
what are some lifespan considerations with urination?
children have bad toileting habits
as age gets older there is a decrease in bladder capacity and an increase in bladder irritability
Which factors influence bowel elimination?
- age
- dietary consumption
- intestinal transit time
- food type
- psychological factors
What are some cardiovascular changes with immobility?
Orthostatic hypotension
Increased cardiac workload
Thrombus formation
name the 5 cardinal signs of inflammation
-redness
-pain
-inflammation
-loss of function
-heat