Infection/Infection Control
What are 3 signs/symptoms of infection?
Pain, Swelling, Redness, Warm to the touch
What are the different types of pain?
acute -less than 6 months
chronic - longer than 6 months
Somatic - in bones, joints, tissues
Visceral - in the internal organs
Cutaneous - in the skin and superficial tissues
neuropathic pain - pain due to nerve sensations
nociceptive pain - damage to non nervous tissue
What are 3 different types of loss?
Actual Loss, Perceived loss, Maturational loss, Situational loss, Anticipatory loss.
When should you do a complete head-to-toe assessment?
1) On Admission
2) Beginning of shift
3)Patient condition changes
What is the Normal Range for adult heart rate?
60-100 beats per minute
What is the name of the infection control practice that assumes all patients are potentially infectious?
Standard Precautions
Pain becomes chronic when it has continued for how long?
6 months
What are the 5 stages of Elizabeth Kubler-Ross's grief theory?
Denial, Anger, Depression, Bargaining, Acceptance.
What does PERRLA stand for?
Pupils are:
Equal
Round
Reactive to light
Accommodation
What is the normal range for oxygen saturation?
95%-100% (At sea level)
What are 2 common types of hospital-acquired infections?
CAUTI - Catheter associated urinary tract infections
CLABSI - Central Line Associated Bloodstream Infection.
What are non pharmacological methods a nurse can use to help manage a patient's pain?
distraction, heat, cold, guided imagery
Nurses can experience what type of grief when their patient dies?
Disenfranchised Grief
What order do you assess the abdomen in?
Inspection, Auscultation, Percussion, Palpation
What is a normal range for blood pressure?
120/80
What is the term for the ability of microorganisms to resist the effects of antimicrobial drugs?
Antimicrobial resistance or antibiotic resistance.
What are 3 different scales that can be used to measure pain? Bonus answer: What group would use the different scales?
1) numerical rating scale - adults with no communication issues
2 visual analog scale - similar to numerical scale
3) FACES scale - children, or non verbal patients
4) FLACC scale - young children
5) NIPS or CRIES scales - for neonates
What type of loss could involve the patient's self image being affected due to decreased ability?
Perceived loss
What are the names of 3 different lung sounds, and what do they sound like?
Wheezing -High pitched on exhalation Fine Crackles - popping sounds on inspiration and expiration.
Stridor - high pitched musical sound on inspiration
Ronchi - low pitched rattling sounds Plural Rub - rubbing sounds
What is a normal range for respiratory rate?
12-20 breaths per minute
Name 3 diseases that require airborne precautions
What is the difference between subjective and objective pain data?
Subjective - comes from the patient
Objective - Comes from the nurse's assessment
Grief is considered complicated grief if it lasts longer than how long?
6 months
What are 3 different assessment findings related to dehydration?
Sunken eyes. increased HR, Fever, tenting of skin, low UOP.
What are 3 occasions when you should check vital signs?
1) Upon admission
2) Start of shift
3)Patient Falls
4) Patient condition changes
5) As ordered