all things kidney
kidneys have the responsibility for maintaining body pH by
eliminating excess hydrogen ions from the body
Regurgitation of the stomach contents into the esophogus happens with what diagnosis?
GERD
Where are compact (cortical bone) found in the body?
along lines of stress
Family history, NSAID use, and smoking all been identified as contributing factors to what?
peptic ulcer
What type of exercises are good for stress incontinence and why?
kegel exercises help strengthen pelvic floor muscles
Damage to the proximal tubule of a nephron causes what
impaired section and reabsorption
What type of gland is strongly affected by the sympathetic system and therefore contributes to ulcers from anxiety/stress
Brunner
After a fall, what type of cells are responsible for healing a broken bone?
osteoblasts
urinary retention
What are two risks that come with an indwelling catheter
UTI / kidney stones
humoral substances responsible for severe vasoconstriction of the renal vessels
Angiotensin II and ADH
What are the 3 functions of saliva?
1) antimicrobial 2)protect/lubricate 3)digestion of starches
A fracture in the ___ can cause an interruption of blood flow to the bone and result in necrosis due to lack of nutrients
hip - head of femur
What does bisphosphonate medication do for a patient with osteoporosis?
prevent bone resorption, which will help prevent fracture
T/F chemotherapy is the recommended treatment for bladder cancer
F they exist but surgical itnerventions such as cystectomies are more commonly used/effective
T/F BPH, stroke, and infection are more likely to be caused by kidney disease than osteoporosis and anemia
F
Where are the myentric and submucosal plexuses located in the enteric nervous system?
wall of the GI tract
Name at least 3 clinical manifestations of a fat emboli (FES) that has migrated?
behavior change/disorientation, respiratory depression, chest pain/dyspnea, tachycardia, fever
etanercept, infliximab, and adalimumab are what type of drugs that are prescribed as a second line of action for RA?
TNF inhibitors (anti tumor necrosis factor) help slow disease progression and improve functioniality
What is needed by the body in order to absorb vitamin B12 and is usually affected in pernicious anemia?
intrinsic factor
Describe the function of the ascending loop of Henle
Impermeability to water and absorption of solutes yields a highly dilute filtrate
Put the following parts of the GI tract in order from how a bolus would move through them: ileum, pyrolus, jejnum, hiatus, cecum, duodenum
hiatus, pylorus, duodenum, jejnum, ileum, cecum
what is the best prognostic indicator of systemic lupus (SLE) in children?
extent of renal involvement
Which of the following medications might you expect to see in a chart for a pt being treated for high cholesterol? Abilify, pancrecarb, atrovastatin, pancrelipase
atorvastatin (lipitor)
If a client has brush border enzyme deficiency, what type of foods can cause cramping, bloating, and dirrhea?
foods high in carbs/proteins