Proteins
What is a complete protein?
A protein that contains all nine essential amino acids.
What is the main function of carbohydrates in the body?
To provide energy.
Name the two types of fats we learned about.
Saturated and unsaturated fats.
This vitamin helps maintain good vision, especially in low light, and is found in carrots and sweet potatoes.
Vitamin A.
Which mineral is needed to maintain strong bones and teeth?
Calcium.
Give an example of an incomplete protein.
Beans, nuts, seeds, or grains.
Name the three types of carbohydrates.
Which type of fat is considered healthier and why?
Unsaturated fats because they can help reduce bad cholesterol levels, fight inflammation, and maintain your body's cell and brain health.
This vitamin, made by your skin when exposed to sunlight, helps the body absorb calcium for strong bones.
Vitamin D.
This mineral is essential for carrying oxygen in the blood and is found in red meat, spinach, and beans.
Iron.
What is the primary function of protein in the body?
Muscle building and repair.
Which type of carbohydrate helps regulate digestion?
Fiber.
Name one food source for saturated fat and one for unsaturated fat.
Saturated: butter, cheese. Unsaturated: olive oil, avocados.
These vitamins are fat-soluble, meaning they are stored in the body's fat tissues.
Vitamins A, D, E and K.
Bananas, potatoes, and oranges are good sources of this electrolyte, which helps regulate muscle contractions and nerve signals.
Potassium.
How can vegetarians and vegans ensure they are getting complete proteins in their diet?
By combining incomplete proteins like rice and beans to form a complete protein. Or eating complete plant proteins like tofu or soy.
Give an example of a simple carbohydrate and a complex carbohydrate.
Simple: candy, fruit. Complex: whole grains, vegetables.
How do saturated fats affect the heart and blood vessels over time?
Saturated fats can lead to fatty deposits in blood vessels, which may cause clogged arteries, increasing the risk of heart attacks and heart disease.
This water-soluble vitamin is essential for collagen production and boosts the immune system.
Vitamin C.
What mineral helps with muscle relaxation, nerve function, and energy production and is found in nuts, whole grains, and dark chocolate?
Magnesium.
Explain the difference between essential and non-essential amino acids.
Essential amino acids cannot be made by the body and must be obtained from food, while non-essential amino acids can be synthesized by the body.
How does the body use starches compared to sugars?
Starches (complex carb) break down more slowly, providing a sustained energy release, while sugars are digested quickly, leading to a faster energy boost.
What is the role of fats in the body?
Fats provide energy, support cell function and hormone production, help absorb fat-soluble vitamins, and act as insulation while protecting organs.
A deficiency in this B vitamin, found in meat, eggs, and dairy, can lead to anemia and neurological issues.
Vitamin B12.
This electrolyte is often consumed in excess through processed foods and can contribute to high blood pressure when over consumed.
Sodium.