Fitness/Weight
What is a fad diet characteristics? Give example
Quick results, personal testimonials, fast weight loss, restrict food group, hyper fixate on certain food group, (potato diet, cabbage soup, celery), have to buy their food (optivia, Jenny Craig, nutrasystem)
keto, paleo, whole 30, Atkins, south beach... the list goes on
What is a food desert
Area where access to affordable healthy foods is limited (no grocery store/farmers markets)
Babies should be given breastmilk or formula until what age
4-6 months, but I am highly encouraging 6 months. at which point solids should be introduced
At what age does the body stop growing and start declining
30
What is an important mineral early in pregnancy
FOLATE also iron but that's needed throughout
What is the difference between someone dx with Anorexia nervosa and someone dx with bulimia nervosa?
AN - skin and bone, intake very little food if any some days, sucked appearance, hair loss, bone loss, loss of menstruation, used as control, extreme fear of becoming overweight, power in the control
BN - typically normal size or slightly overweight, tooth decay, binge/purge cycle, hyper fixate on exercise, low self esteem, binging comes after a trigger episode
What are the GMO crops
corn, potatoes, cotton, papaya, apples, canola, alfalfa, sugar beets, soy, farmed salmon
What is a food jag
Kids hyper fixate on a specific food for a certain amount of time
Why are the elderly more at risk for nutrition issues
money, meds, diminished functional capacity
What are the hormones responsible for making breastmilk
Prolactin - milk maker
Oxytocin - Milk release
What are the good characteristics of a fitness plan
Mode
Duration
Frequency
Intensity
Progression of exercise
Consistency
Variety
Achievement and maintenance of fitness
Name three programs that assist with food security
-SNAP
-WIC
-NSLP
-SBP
-EFNEP
-Food pantries, soup kitchen
-MOW
-Senior centers
-afterschool programs
What is baby lead weaning
What practices help to slow the process of aging
frequent exercise/activity, no smoking, limiting ETOH, maintain healthy weight, eat fruits/veggies/whole grain, early interventions
Environment
What are some common health issues during pregnancy and how can we treat them?
Morning sickness - avoid trigger foods, small meals, sucking on candy
Heart burn - tums, avoid trigger foods, avoid lying down after eating, take a walk
Constipation - Smaller meals, increase water, stool softener, take walks, increase fiber.
What fuels does the body burn during exercise?
Really know - Fat, Carbs. We really are only using protein when there isn't enough of the other two and it needs to convert the protein into glucose.
But the facts are here:
A T P
All tissues
All the time
Sprinting (0-3 sec)
Phosphocreatine (P Cr)
All tissues
Short bursts
Shot put, high jump, bench press
Carbohydrate (anaerobic)
Muscles
High intensity lasting 30 seconds to 2 minutes
200-meter sprint
Carbohydrate (aerobic)
Muscle and liver
Exercise lasting 2 minutes to 3 hours or more
Jogging, soccer, basketball, swimming, gardening, car washing
Fat (aerobic)
Muscles and fat cells
Exercise lasting more than a few minutes; greater amounts are used at lower exercise intensities
Long-distance running, marathons, ultra endurance events, cycling, day-long hikes
In the recorded presentation, I highlight a food company out of Newark ... what is this company, what do they do?
Aerofarms - indoor vertical farm
What is a nutrition concern for female teens
- iron deficency
-lack of calcium
-eating Disorders/ disordered eating patterns
-difficulty adjusting to changing body/unwanted attention
What is CAM
Natural products: using substances found in nature
Vitamins, minerals, probiotics, fish oil, and herbs to treat or prevent disease
Mind-body practices:
Yoga, tai chi, qi gong, chiropractic and osteopathic manipulation, meditation, massage, hypnotherapy, healing touch, and movement therapies
What are preclampsia symptoms, what can it lead it
High blood pressure
Protein in urine
Headaches
Blurred vision
Changes in blood clotting
Nervous system disorders
Edema
Eclampsia. - convulsion/death
What are the hormones responsible for hunger/satiety
Cortisol, Ghrelin
What populations do we see malnutrition in the US
Elderly - PCM - tea and toast, focus on meds, meds change tastes
Over nutrition - low income areas, kids - excess calories/fat/simple carbs/sugar - not a high intake of "healthy" foods
What are the benefits of breastfeeding to baby?
What are the benefits of formula feeding to baby?
boning, exactly what baby needs, available on demand, maintain hunger/fullness cues
if baby has allergic reaction, has all the nutrients, fed is best
As we age, what needs increase and what needs decrease
Decreased need for calories, iron for women entering menopause
Increased need for B12, Vitamin D, calcium, Magnesium, Zinc, Vitamin E
What two nutrients are NOT in breastmilk?
Iron - Baby will have iron stores til 6 months (that's why we introduce iron fortified cereals first around 4-6 months)
Vitamin D - breastfed babies should get supplement