Vitamin Fun :-)
Noncaloric nutrients that are needed in tiny amounts in the diet
Vitamins
Hunger is a physiologic response to an absence of ____ in the digestive tract.
food
A _______ deficiency causes rickets in childhood, low bone density in adolescence, and osteomalacia in later life.
vitamin D
Water makes up about ___ percent of the body’s weight.
60
________ is the chief mineral of bones and teeth.
Calcium
When exposed to sunlight, the skin makes _______
vitamin D
The adipokine leptin suppresses the _____ , thus helping to control body fat
appetite
____ -deficiency anemia is a problem among many groups worldwide.
Iron
The stomach hormone ______ is one of many contributors to feelings of hunger.
ghrelin
Proper _______ and __________ _________ can help prevent some degree of bone loss in aging.
nutrition and physical activity
Folate is part of a coenzyme necessary for making new ____
Satiation ends a meal when pleasure diminishes and various signals inform the ____ that enough food has been eaten
brain
_______ deficiency causes uncontrolled bleeding.
Vitamin K
The body employs numerous tactics to balance water intake and output to maintain its ______ ________
water balance
Fluoride stabilizes bones and makes teeth resistant to _____
decay
Vitamin B12 occurs only in foods of _____ origin
animal
Satiety postpones eating until the next ____
meal
Too much dietary sodium increases the risk of ________
hypertension
Most people can meet their nutrient needs from their diets alone; however, ______ people may need to take supplements
pregnant or lactating women, habitual dieters, vegans, etc.
Food choices that are significant sources of _____ include milk and milk products, calcium-fortified milk alternatives, oysters, small boney fish, calcium-set tofu, certain leafy green vegetables (i.e., kale, bok choy, turnip greens), and broccoli
calcium
The vitamin A precursor in plants _____ is an effective antioxidant in the body.
beta-carotene
Protein, carbohydrate, and fat play roles in _______ and _______
satiation and satiety
A too-low ______ _____ threatens survival during a famine or when a person must fight a disease
body weight
Mineral salts form ______ that help keep fluids in their proper compartments
electrolytes
Consuming nutrients that help build strong ____ , such as vitamin D and calcium, helps prevent or delay the onset of osteoporosis later in the life.
bones