Proteins
Proteins are broken down into _________. Which are used like ________ to break apart a protein structure, and build new structures.
Amino acids, legos
Lipids are also known by this more common name.
Fats
Name two foods that are strong sources of carbohydrates.
Bread, pasta, rice, potatoes, fruits, vegetables
Why are vitamins and minerals classified as a "micronutrient"
These nutrients are only needed in small (micro) amounts.
This nutrient makes up the largest percentage of the body -- List the nutrient AND it's percentage.
Water (55-60%)
Proteins are stored in this part of the body.
Muscles
Lipids are broken down into _____________, molecules that the body uses for fuel.
Fatty acids
How does the body store excess carbohydrates, when they aren't used for energy?
Excess carbohydrates are stored as fat, for long-term energy.
Your heart and brain are ___% water.
~75% (answers between 70-75% are correct).
This nutrient has an unlimited storage capacity.
Lipids (fat).
Why are proteins considered a "backup" energy source?
They are used for energy only when carbohydrates and fats are low, creating energy is not the main function of proteins.
Fats provide the body with ~____% of its energy.
~50%
Carbohydrates are broken down into __________ that is converted into _____________.
Glucose, ATP
I am a vitamin found in food, but the best source of me is the sun.
Vitamin D
The two macronutrients make up 15-20% of the body each.
protein and lipids/fat.
Besides muscle repair, name another critical role of proteins in the body.
Cell communication; blood/nutrient/oxygen transport between cells; and chemical reactions
Why do lipids provide a better long-term energy source than carbohydrates?
They can be stored in unlimited amounts.
Why are carbohydrates considered the body’s “preferred” energy source even though fats provide energy?
They are faster and easier to break down into usable energy.
Unlike fat or carbohydrates, the body cannot do this with water.
I regulate body temperature, cushion the joints and brain, and move nutrients and oxygen through the blood.
Water!
Name two unprocessed, protein-rich foods that are NOT animal products.
Nuts, beans & legumes (lentils, chickpeas, edamame), oats, and some vegetables (such as avocado, corn, and spinach).
Besides energy, name two other important roles lipids play in the body.
Regulating body temperature, protecting organs, providing structure to the brain, forming cell membranes, cushioning joints, transporting vitamins.
List the three types of carbohydrates.
sugar, starch, fiber
Water does not give energy directly, but instead helps with...?
Provide a reason why it's important to eat a variety of food groups, instead of relying on one or only a few foods.
No single nutrient provides everything we need; a balanced diet supports all body systems but providing us with a range of nutrients.