Macronutrients
The body's preferred energy source.
This mineral is part of the structure of hemoglobin, allowing for transportation of oxygen.
What is iron?
An atom with a net positive charge.
What is a cation?
This is the primary recommended food source for infants during the first six months of life.
What is breast milk?
This organ secretes most digestive enzymes.
What is the pancreas?
These fats are healthier and are liquid at room temperature.
What are unsaturated fats?
This vitamin is important for vision and is found in carrots.
What is vitamin A?
The process of water moving across a membrane from low to high solute concentration.
What is osmosis?
Adults over 50 find themselves at risk of osteoporosis, and should consume more of this mineral to avoid it.
What is calcium?
Lactose intolerant people don't have enough of this enzyme
What is lactase?
The most energy dense macromolecule.
What is dietary fat?
This B vitamin is also known as cobalamin and is important for DNA synthesis.
What is vitamin B-12?
This hormone is released by the pituitary gland increases kidney reabsorption, conserving water.
What is antidiuretic hormone?
This trimester of pregnancy sees a significant increase in energy needs.
What is the third trimester?
How do cells increase absorption?
Increasing SA/V ratio?
Concept that explains how body weight changes when calories consumed differ from calories burned.
What is energy balance/the law of conservation of energy?
This trace mineral is important for thyroid hormone synthesis and is commonly added to table salt.
What is iodine?
This condition occurs when sodium concentration is extremely diluted.
What is hyponatremia?
People under 15 require increased intake of this mineral to support bone growth.
What is calcium?
This metabolic process breaks down glucose in they cytosol to form pyruvate.
What is glyocolysis
This carbohydrate consists of long chains of glucose and is stored in the muscle and liver.
What is glycogen?
This vitamin acts to protect cell membranes from oxidative damage.
What is vitamin E?
These three hormones regulate fluid balance by modulating sodium retention.
What are renin, angiotensin, and aldosterone?
As one ages, thirst perception decreases, increasing the risk of this condition.
What is hypernatremia?
This process occurs in the mitochondria and results int eh formation of NADH, FADH2, and ATP precursors.
What is the Citric Acid Cycle?