Macronutrients
What is the primary function of carbohydrates?
To supply energy
What type of foods are typically included in a clear liquid diet
Coffee, tea, popsicles, geletin, clear fruit juices
What is the primary purpose of parenteral nutrition?
To provide nutrition when the gastrointestinal tract is not functional or cannot be used
What is the primary purpose of an NG tube?
To provide temporary nutrition and prevent nausea/vomiting
Which type of protein contains all essential amino acids?
Complete proteins
Which diet allows for pureed foods and is often used when patients have difficulty chewing
Soft diet
True or False: TPN can be given through a peripheral IV
False (TPN requires a central line)
What position should a patient be in when receiving tube feeding
Semi-fowlers or High-fowlers
This is the most concentrated source of energy in the diet.
Fats
Name one type of transitional diet often used post-surgery
Full liquid diet or clear liquid diet
Name 3 common complication associated with TPN
Infection, metabolic alterations, or electrolyte imbalance
How often should residual volumes be checked in a patient receiving continuous tube feeding
Every 4 hours
Name the three main types of macronutrients.
Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
True or False: Patients can transition directly from NPO to a regular diet
False (They typically progress through transitional diets first)
Which type of parenteral nutrition is used for short-term nutritional support?
Peripheral Parenteral Nutrition (PPN)
Name a complication of tube feedings
Aspiration, hyperglycemia, diarrhea
True or False. Soy is an incomplete protein
False (Soy is considered a complete protein)
Which diet includes foods like soups, broths, and gelatin but excludes dairy?
Clear liquid diet
What macronutrients are commonly included in TPN
Dextrose, amino acids, and lipids
Before administering each feeding through a nasogastric tube, what should a nurse check to ensure safe and accurate delivery?
The nurse should verify tube placement (using methods such as pH testing, tube length check, or radiographic confirmation)