Types of Lipids
This type of lipid is the main storage form of fat in the body.
What are triglycerides?
This type of fatty acid has no double bonds between carbon atoms.
What is a saturated fatty acid?
The digestion of lipids begins in this organ.
What is the stomach?
This type of fat is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease.
What is saturated fat?
If a food contains 10g of fat, how many calories come from fat?
What is 90 kcal? (10g × 9 kcal/g)
This lipid is a key component of cell membranes and acts as an emulsifier.
What are phospholipids?
These two factors determine whether a fat is solid or liquid at room temperature.
What are saturation level and chain length?
This hormone signals the gallbladder to release bile for lipid digestion.
What is cholecystokinin (CCK)?
The FDA banned this type of artificially modified fat in processed foods in 2021.
What are trans fats?
A serving of peanut butter has 16g of fat and 180 kcal total. What percentage of its calories come from fat?
What is 80%? (16g × 9 kcal/g = 144 kcal; 144 ÷ 180 × 100 = 80%)
This lipid is only found in animal products and is used to produce hormones and vitamin D.
What is cholesterol?
Omega-3 fatty acids can be converted into this hormone-like substance that regulates inflammation.
What are prostaglandins?
Most lipid digestion occurs in this part of the digestive system.
What is the small intestine?
The American Heart Association recommends keeping trans fat intake below this percentage of daily calories.
What is 1%?
If a person’s daily intake is 2,500 kcal, what is the maximum recommended intake of fat in grams according to the AMDR (20-35%)?
What is 55-97g? (2,500 × 0.2 = 500 kcal, 2,500 × 0.35 = 875 kcal; 500 ÷ 9 = 55g, 875 ÷ 9 = 97g)
Name two essential fatty acids the body cannot produce.
What are alpha-linolenic acid (Omega-3) and linoleic acid (Omega-6)?
Which type of fatty acid is primarily found in plant oils and can reduce blood cholesterol levels?
What are unsaturated fatty acids?
These molecules transport lipids through the bloodstream since fats are not water-soluble.
What is lipoprotein?
Foods high in this type of fatty acid, found in fish like salmon and tuna, are beneficial for heart health.
What are omega-3 fatty acids?
A label says a snack contains 5g of saturated fat and 2g of trans fat. How many total calories are from these unhealthy fats?
What is 63 kcal? ((5g + 2g) × 9 kcal/g = 63 kcal)
This process turns unsaturated fats into a more solid form and creates harmful trans fats.
What is hydrogenation?
Explain why fats store more energy per gram than carbohydrates.
because fats are hydrophobic and pack tightly, while carbohydrates store water and take up more space?
This enzyme, secreted by the pancreas, helps break down triglycerides into monoglycerides and fatty acids.
What is pancreatic lipase?
Explain how soluble fiber helps lower blood cholesterol levels.
What is by binding to bile in the intestines?
If a food product contains 0.4g of trans fat per serving, and a person eats 3 servings, how much trans fat have they consumed?
What is 1.2g of trans fat? (0.4g × 3 = 1.2g)